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PAR2032 - Mental Health > Week 10 > Flashcards

Week 10 Flashcards

1
Q

Define a personality disorder?

A

A personality disorder is an enduring pattern of inner experience and behaviour that deviates markedly from the expectations of the individuals culture.

it is pervasive and inflexible

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2
Q

what are personality disorders characterised as?

A

Pervasive, inflexible, and stable patterns of thinking, feeling and behaving and interacting with others.

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3
Q

when do personality disorders develop in regards to someone’s age?

A

develops in childhood

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4
Q

what personality disorders are more common in men?

A

antisocial personality disorder

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5
Q

what personality disorders are more common in females?

A

borderline personality disorder

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6
Q

What are the main categories of personality disorders according to DSM-5?

A
  • paranoid personality disorder
  • schizoid personality disorder
  • schizotypal personality disorder
  • antisocial personality disorder
  • narcissistic personality disorder
  • borderline personality disorder
  • histrionic personality disorder
  • avoidant personality disorder
  • dependent personality disorder
  • OCD
  • personality change due to medical condition (frontal lobe lesion)
  • unspecified personality disorder (bits from a few)
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7
Q

What is paranoid personality disorder?

A

a pattern of distrust and suspiciousness, such that others motives are interpreted as malevolent

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8
Q

What is schizoid personality disorder?

A

pattern of detachment from social relationship and a restricted range of emotional expression

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9
Q

What is schizotypal personality disorder?

A

pattern of acute discomfort in close relationships, cognitive or perceptual distortions and eccentricities of behaviour

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10
Q

What is antisocial personality disorder?

A

pattern of disregard for and violation of the rights of others.

  • occuring since 15 years old
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11
Q

What is narcissistic personality disorder?

A

pattern of grandiosity, need for admiration and lack of empathy

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12
Q

what is borderline personality disorder?

A

pattern of instability in interpersonal relationships, self image, and affects, and marked impulsivity

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13
Q

What is histrionic personality disorder?

A

pattern of excessive emotionality and attention seeking

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14
Q

What is avoidant personality disorder?

A

pattern of social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy, and hypersensitivity to negative evaluation

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15
Q

What is dependent personality disorder?

A

pattern of submissive and clinging behaviour related to an excessive need to be taken care of

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16
Q

What is OCD?

A

pattern of preoccupation with orderliness, perfectionism and control

17
Q

What are the DSM5 criteria for diagnosing Antisocial PD?

A

A pervasive pattern of disregard for and violation of the rights of others, occurring since age 15 years, as indicated by three (or more) of the following:

  • failure to conform to social norms with respect to lawful behaviours
  • deceitfulness, as indicated by repeated lying, use of aliases, and conning
  • impulsivity and failure to plan
  • irritability and agressivness
  • reckless disregard for safety
  • consistently irritable

PLUS

  • over 18
  • evidence of conduct onset before 15 yr/o
  • not during other conditions
18
Q

What are the DSM5 criteria for diagnosing borderline PD?

A

A pervasive pattern of instability of interpersonal relationships, self-image, and affects, and marked impulsivity, beginning by early adulthood and present in a variety of contexts, as indicated by five (or more) of
the following:

  • efforts to avoid real or imagined abandoment
  • unstable and intense interpersonal relationships
  • unstable self image
  • impulsivity in at least 2 self damaging areas
  • suicidal or self-harming behaviour
  • episodic dysphoria, irritability or anxiety
  • feelings of emptiness
  • intense anger
19
Q

what are some causes of borderline personality disorder?

A
  • could be heriditery
  • related to chemical imbalance in brain
  • childhood abuse and neglect/seperation
  • women more likely to develop
20
Q

What are the DSM5 criteria for diagnosing Dependent PD?

A

A pervasive and excessive need to be taken care of that leads to submissive and clinging behaviour and fears of separation, beginning by early adulthood and present in a variety of contexts, as indicated by five (or more) of the
following:

  • difficulty making decisions
  • needs others to assume responsibility for most areas of their life
  • difficulty expressing disagreement
  • difficulty initiating projects
  • feels hopeless
  • urgently seeks relationships
  • unrealistic preoccupation with fears of being alone
21
Q

What are the DSM5 criteria for diagnosing Histrionic PD?

A

A pervasive pattern of excessive emotionality and attention seeking, beginning by early adulthood and present in a variety of contexts, as indicated by five (or more)
of the following:

  • uncomfortable when not centre of attention
  • interaction with others characterised by inappropriate behaviour
  • rapidly shifting and shallow displays of emotion
  • used physical appearance to draw attention to self
  • exaggerated expressions of emotion
  • highly suggestible
22
Q

What are the DSM5 criteria for diagnosing Narcissistic PD?

A

pervasive pattern of grandiosity (in fantasy or behaviour),
need for admiration, and lack of empathy, beginning by
early adulthood and present in a variety of contexts, as
indicated by five (or more) of the following:

  • grandiose sense of self-importance
  • fantasies of unlimtied success, power and brilliance
  • believes they are special
  • required excessive admiration
  • sense of entitlement
  • interpersonally exploitative
  • Lacks empathy
  • often envious of others
  • arrogrant
23
Q

What are the 3 clusters of personality disorders?

A
  • Cluster A (odd, bizarre, eccentric)
  • Cluster B (Dramatic, erratic)
  • Cluster C (anxious, fearful)
24
Q

What disorders fall under cluster A PD’s?

A

Cluster A - odd, bizarre, eccentric

  • paranoid
  • schizoid
  • schizotyopal
25
Q

What disorders fall under cluster B PD’s?

A

Cluster B - dramatic, erratic

  • antisocial
  • borderline
  • histrionic
  • narcissitic
26
Q

What disorders fall under cluster C PD’s?

A

Cluster C - anxious, fearful

  • avoidant
  • dependent
  • obsessive-compulsive
27
Q

what treatment is used for borderline PD?

A

cognitive behavioural therapies such as dialectical behaviour therapy.

targets mood instability and impulsivity

28
Q

how many people with borderline PD have suicidal behaviours?

A

80%

about 4-9% complete suicide

29
Q

What is the most common form of self-harm?

A

Skin cutting - 80%

30
Q

What are the precursor streams to self harm?

A

Hyperstress -> feeling overwhelmed -> trigger ->self harm
= feeling relieved and in control

Dissociation -> feeling numb and alone -> self injury
= Feeling alive and able to function

31
Q

why do people self harm?

A

self harm is often associated with a history of trauma

other reasons:

  • release tension
  • distraction from emotional pain
  • snap our of dissociateion
  • stop a panic attack
  • self hatred

PAR2032 - Mental Health (12 decks)

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