Week 6 Flashcards
Lecture 6:
What 3 things are included in body composition?
1.) Component tissues of the body
2.) Fat-Free Mass
3.) Percent body fat
Lecture 6:
When discussing body composition, what are component tissues of the body?
- water, protein, minerals, & fat
- fat-free mass (FFM), fat mass (FM) & % body fat
Lecture 6:
What is Fat-Free mass?
The mass of the fat-free tissues of the body
- lean body mass
Lecture 6:
What is percent body fat?
The percentage of total body mass that is fat
- %BF = fat mass/body mass *100
Lecture 6:
What does Body Composition tell us?
Tells is there is an increased risk of any diseases
- measured as it is a good indication of health & expresses general health of client (determines if they have increased risk of health issues)
Lecture 6:
What is excess body fat associated with?
Many chronic conditions such as; hypertensions, metabolic syndromes, type 2 diabetes mellitus, stroke, CVD, etc
Lecture 6:
What % of American adults are classified overweight? % obese?
68.5% =0.685 overweight or obese with 34.9% classified as obese
Lecture 6:
What % of American children/adolescents are overweight/obese?
31.8% overweight or obese
Lecture 6:
What is the “Healthy” Fat mass % range for men vs women ages 18-36?
Men = 8-22% & Women = Women = 20-35%
Lecture 6:
What is the % of essential fats for men & women?
Men = 3-5% essential fats & Women = 8-12%
Lecture 6:
What are direct methods of Assessing Body Composition?
No direct methods yet
- goal is to dissect & chemically analyze tissues
Lecture 6:
What are 3 indirect methods of Assessing Body Composition?
1.) Densitometry
2.) Anthropometric Methods
3.) Other
Lecture 6:
When discussing Indirect methods of assessing body composition, What is Densitometry?
hydrodensitometry = underwater weighing
*people with more % body fat will weigh less in water as fat floats & muscle/bone sinks
Lecture 6:
When discussing Indirect methods of assessing body composition, What are Anthropometric Methods?
- Height, weight, & BMI
- circumferences
- skin fold measurements
Lecture 6:
When discussing Indirect methods of assessing body composition, What are other techniques?
- Total Body Electrical Conductivity
- Bioelectric Impedance Analysis (hand holding machine)
Lecture 6:
What is the heath range for BMI?
18.5 to 24.9 kg/m^2
Lecture 6:
What is the BMI range for Overweight individuals?
25 to 29.9 kg/m^2
Lecture 6:
What is the BMI range for Obese individuals?
Greater than 30 kg/m^2
Lecture 6:
What is BMI not a good measure of body composition?
Doesn’t consider age, ethnicity, body bass type (FFM or FM), athletic ability, etc
Lecture 6:
How should body weight be measured?
Using a calibrated balance beam or electronic scale
- client wearing minimal clothing & empty pockets
- shoes removed before stadiometer for the measurement of height
Lecture 6:
How is BMI calculated?
dividing body weight in kilograms by height in meters squared (kg · m−2)
**make sure to change units
Lecture 6:
What are Circumferences?
Looks at patterns of body fat distribution as it’s an important indicator of health & prognosis
Lecture 6:
How are Waist Circumferences used?
Used alone as indicator of health risk as abdominal obesity is the primary issue
- although this and BMI are correlated, With is a better measure of visceral adiposity
Lecture 6:
When discussing circumferences, what is the Waist-to-Hip ratio (WHR)?
Circumference of the wait divided by circumference of the hips (butt/hip measure)
- used as simple method of assessing body fat distribution to identify individuals with more detrimental amounts of abdominal fat
