Week 6 Flashcards
Purpose of immunization
Prevent communicable diseases
Prevent illnesses related to these diseases
Provide herd immunity (95% of population)
5% is chemo patient, infant, etc.
Herd immunity
- 95 is immune to it so that disease becomes very rare
Types of immunity
- acquired- ()
(Active immunity -Can either get it, or receiving a vaccine and is permament )
(Passive immunity- transfer from one person antibody to another and is temporary - Natural- your immune system
- Herd- whole population is immune to it
Hep B
- virus
- passed through blood
- causes cancer of the liver, chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis
Rota virus
- high fever
- vomiting and diarrhea
- children less than 5 years and peaks 6-24 mo
- 2 natural infection confirmed immunity
- leads to dehydration
DTAP
Diphtheria
Pertussis
Tetnus
TDAP
11 years
Booster of the same diseases: diphtheria pertussis and tetanus
Doses different- bigger dose of tetnus
Every 10 years for the rest of your life
Preg women get this for the Acellular Pertusses
Diphtheria
Bacteria
Rare
URI
AIRBORN
Can cause myocarditis and peripheral neuropathy
Gray over tonsils
Lymphedema
Pertussis
Highly contagious bacteria
Fatal in infants 6 weeks- 6 months
Paroxysmal cough (whoop)
Resurgence d/t a cellular
Tetnus
Lives in soil and human stool
Muscle tetney and respiratory muscles
Hemophius influenza type b
Bacteria- not the flu
Can cause bacterial meningitis, epiglottis, pneumonia
IF CHILD IS 5 or OLDER- STILL CAN GET IT, without extreme illness
Cherry red eppiglotis
Strep pneumonia
Immunize against 15-20 strains
Bacteria can cause meningitis, AOM, and pneumonia
Polio
- eradicated in 2000
- fecal oral route (contaminated water)
- extremely contagious
- GI tract to NEURO system- paralysis
MMR
Measles mumps and rubella
LIVE vaccine
Measles
- droplet
- systemic infection 10-12 days after expoure
- three C’s
- Coryza
- cough
- conjunctivitis
KOPLIK SPOTS
Mumps
- viral
- inclubation 14-18 days
- resp complications and deafness
Rubella (German measles)
- 12-23 day inclubation
- virus
- rash, mild and self limiting
- concern for congenital rubella syndrome
Congenital rubella syndrome
- microcephaly
- heart defects
- cateracts
Varicella
AIRBORN
Incubation 2-3 weeks
Rash that is highly pruritic rash
Hep A
Viral
Fecal oral
Incubation 28 days
HPV
Genital warts that is linked to sexual practices and viral
This virus is associated with cervical cancer
Neisseria meningiditis
Bacteria
Droplet nasal secretions
Mimics flu
If gets in CSF- fatal
Flu when does it start
6 months
Unintentional injuries
Accidents
Leading cause of death in children >1 year until 44 years
Primary prevention
Before they occur
Secondary prevention
Early identify risk factors
Risk factors of unintentional injury
Make
Poverty
Lack of supervision
Peppermint
Developmental characteristics
Developmental delay
Cognitive characteristic
Knowledge deficit
Stress
Alcohol/drug use
MH concerns
Gun in house
Height and age for booster
Up until 4 feet 9 inches, between 8-12 years
Age when moving to passenger seat
13 years
