Week 6 Flashcards

1
Q

Purpose of immunization

A

Prevent communicable diseases
Prevent illnesses related to these diseases
Provide herd immunity (95% of population)
5% is chemo patient, infant, etc.

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2
Q

Herd immunity

A
  • 95 is immune to it so that disease becomes very rare
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3
Q

Types of immunity

A
  • acquired- ()
    (Active immunity -Can either get it, or receiving a vaccine and is permament )
    (Passive immunity- transfer from one person antibody to another and is temporary
  • Natural- your immune system
  • Herd- whole population is immune to it
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4
Q

Hep B

A
  • virus
  • passed through blood
  • causes cancer of the liver, chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis
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5
Q

Rota virus

A
  • high fever
  • vomiting and diarrhea
  • children less than 5 years and peaks 6-24 mo
  • 2 natural infection confirmed immunity
  • leads to dehydration
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6
Q

DTAP

A

Diphtheria
Pertussis
Tetnus

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7
Q

TDAP

A

11 years
Booster of the same diseases: diphtheria pertussis and tetanus
Doses different- bigger dose of tetnus

Every 10 years for the rest of your life

Preg women get this for the Acellular Pertusses

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8
Q

Diphtheria

A

Bacteria
Rare
URI
AIRBORN
Can cause myocarditis and peripheral neuropathy
Gray over tonsils
Lymphedema

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9
Q

Pertussis

A

Highly contagious bacteria
Fatal in infants 6 weeks- 6 months
Paroxysmal cough (whoop)

Resurgence d/t a cellular

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10
Q

Tetnus

A

Lives in soil and human stool
Muscle tetney and respiratory muscles

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11
Q

Hemophius influenza type b

A

Bacteria- not the flu
Can cause bacterial meningitis, epiglottis, pneumonia
IF CHILD IS 5 or OLDER- STILL CAN GET IT, without extreme illness
Cherry red eppiglotis

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12
Q

Strep pneumonia

A

Immunize against 15-20 strains
Bacteria can cause meningitis, AOM, and pneumonia

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13
Q

Polio

A
  • eradicated in 2000
  • fecal oral route (contaminated water)
  • extremely contagious
  • GI tract to NEURO system- paralysis
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14
Q

MMR

A

Measles mumps and rubella
LIVE vaccine

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15
Q

Measles

A
  • droplet
  • systemic infection 10-12 days after expoure
  • three C’s
  • Coryza
  • cough
  • conjunctivitis

KOPLIK SPOTS

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16
Q

Mumps

A
  • viral
  • inclubation 14-18 days
  • resp complications and deafness
17
Q

Rubella (German measles)

A
  • 12-23 day inclubation
  • virus
  • rash, mild and self limiting
  • concern for congenital rubella syndrome
18
Q

Congenital rubella syndrome

A
  • microcephaly
  • heart defects
  • cateracts
19
Q

Varicella

A

AIRBORN
Incubation 2-3 weeks
Rash that is highly pruritic rash

20
Q

Hep A

A

Viral
Fecal oral
Incubation 28 days

21
Q

HPV

A

Genital warts that is linked to sexual practices and viral

This virus is associated with cervical cancer

22
Q

Neisseria meningiditis

A

Bacteria
Droplet nasal secretions
Mimics flu
If gets in CSF- fatal

23
Q

Flu when does it start

A

6 months

24
Q

Unintentional injuries

A

Accidents
Leading cause of death in children >1 year until 44 years

25
Q

Primary prevention

A

Before they occur

26
Q

Secondary prevention

A

Early identify risk factors

27
Q

Risk factors of unintentional injury

A

Make
Poverty
Lack of supervision
Peppermint
Developmental characteristics
Developmental delay
Cognitive characteristic
Knowledge deficit
Stress
Alcohol/drug use
MH concerns
Gun in house

28
Q

Height and age for booster

A

Up until 4 feet 9 inches, between 8-12 years

29
Q

Age when moving to passenger seat

A

13 years