Week 5 Flashcards
What is a Nevi
Skin lesion that appears at birth it in the first year of life
Types of nevi (2)
Vascular and pigmented
Mongolian spots… about and what are they now called
- congenital melanocytosis
- blue/black packed pigment cells
- look like bruise
- benign
- 90% of non-caucastions have these
- fade 5-7 years
Cafe at lait spots
- pigmented macule
- light to dark brown in color
- often light in infancy and darkened by age 2
- benign and self limiting unless they number > 6
Vascular nevi (3 types)
- salmon patches (stork bites)
- port wine stains (nevus flemmeus)
- hemmangiomas
Salmon patches
- neck or between eyes
- at birth, fade by 1 year
- nape of neck CAN last lifetime but hair covers
- not clinically significant
- no tx
Port wine stains
- At birth and then darker into adolescents
- unilateral lesions are most common
- laser TX now
- do not go away
- if bilateral, on peri-orbital, or forehead- need a neurodevelopment follow up for sturge Weber
Hemangiomas
- appear in first 2 weeks
-start flat, grow rapid 16-12 months, then it disappears - issue if on eye or on gential/urinary area
- ALL resolve by age 10
What is DDH
Developmental dysplasia of the hips
Spectrum of disorder involve abnormal development of the hip
DDH incidence
COMMON:
- cultures who tightly swaddle infant
- females 80%
- L hip 60% involved
UNCOMMON
- cultures who carry infant on hips
Causes of DDH
- fetal position
- okigohydrannios
- genetic
- multiples
- LGA
- maternal hormones
What are your testing for in Ortalani and Barlow
Joint Laxity
Clicks and pops
What are your testing for in Ortalani and Barlow
Joint Laxity
Clicks and pops
Dx of DDH
- ultrasound if found 4-6 mo
- X-rays after age 4-6 mo
Tx of DDH
1) Pavlik harness worn for 3-5 Mo which is 95% success
2) hip spica cast if pavlik harness is unsuccessful
