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Peds Newborn- Adolescents > week 13 > Flashcards

week 13 Flashcards

1
Q

impetigo primary vs secondary

A

primary- infection recently
secondary- nbreak in skin and then infected

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2
Q

impetigo infections causes

A

staph aureus
streptococcus pyogens

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3
Q

tx of impetigo

A

2-3 weeks- self resolved

Topical ABX if superficial, nonbullous, localized cases- Mupiricon or retapamulin

EDU: remove crust before applying ABX topically, treat ALL lesions

Oral abx if multiple lesions, infections in family members- cephalexin, augmentin, dicloxacillin, clindamycin

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4
Q

what is SSSS

A

staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome

  • abrupt onset of fever, poor feeding, lethargy
  • key finding is sandpaper rash resembling scarlet fever that rubs off with light rub
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5
Q

treatment of SSSS

A

IV ABX- dicloxacillin
first or second gen cephalosporins

minimal handling, adding ointments

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6
Q

cellulitis cause

A

s. aureus

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7
Q

erysipelas vs cellulitis

A

erysipelas- local signs and symptoms, well-demarcated area of infection

cellulitis- more severe, systemic symptoms, not well-demarcated

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8
Q

celleulitis TX

A

depends on suspected organism- cephalexin, bactrim, clindimycin

Follow-uo- 24 hours and daily after that to see response

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9
Q

folliculitis

A
  • obstruction damage- acne, waxing, shaving

environmental causes- moist environment, maceration, poor hygeine, occlusive emollients, prolonged submersion in contaminated water

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10
Q

Furuncle (boil)

A

abscess with one hair

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11
Q

carbuncle

A

abscess with multiple hair follicles

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12
Q

candidiasis

A

yeast infection and thrush that is fungal related (mouth perianal, breast)
risk factors: immunosuppressed, moist, abx recently

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13
Q

dx study for yeast

A

KOH scraping

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14
Q

tx yeast

A

oral: nystatin 4x day dropper in each cheek
BF: nystatin on nipples
persistent: oral fluconazole
Skin (diaper/folds): nystatin topical, every diaper change
DO NOT COMBINE WITH CORTICOSTERIOD

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15
Q

tinia capitis

A

dermatophyte infection of scalp and hair shaft- ring worm

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16
Q

dx of Tinia capitis

A

clinical observation + cervical or occipital lymphadenopathy

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17
Q

antifungal tx tinia capatis

A

gold standard: griseofulvin- taken 6-8 weeks with fatty food (side effects: gi distrubance, skin eruptuions, headaches, photosensitivity)

or terbinafine (effective over 4 years)

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18
Q

tx with kerions

A

prednisone for inflammation and systemic antibiotics

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19
Q

monitoring tinia capatis

A

follow ups every 2-4 weeks and continue treatment until culture is negative for 2 weeks

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20
Q

hair regrowth process (tinia capatis

A

3-12 months

21
Q

tinia corporis

A

superficial funal skin infection excluding the scalp, palms, soles, and groin

22
Q

managment of tinia corporis

A

topical: miconozole or clotrimozole (twice daily for 1-4 weeks including normal skin around the lesions

extensive infection, or immunocompromised: griseofulvin for 2-4 weeks

23
Q

daycare with tinia corporus

A

return after 24 hours after treatment begins

24
Q

tinea cruris

A

jock itch
superficial fungal infection

adolescents males, obese people, hygiene issue

25
Q

tx of tinia cruris

A

same as tinia corporis

26
Q

tinia pedis

A

athletes foot
superficial foot fungal disease
showers or locker rooms

27
Q

management of tinia pedis

A

same as tinia corporis

28
Q

tinia versicolor

A

pityriasis versicolor
fungal infection that commonly appears on the face, neck, upper arm, chest and back

hypopigmented in dark skin, hyperpigmented in light skin

29
Q

tinia versicolor

A

topical:
selenium sulfide 2.5 % lotion of 1% shampoo applies in a thin layer several hand widths beyond the lesion for 10 minutes daily before rinsing for 1-2 weeks followed by 3 months to help prevent reoccurance

30
Q

molluscum contagiosum

A

water warts
benign viral skin infection with little risk
resolves on own from 2-7 weeks up to 6 months

itching, white discrete papules

31
Q

management of molluscum

A

6 mo - 4 years of self resolving

32
Q

warts

A

HPV cause- over 100 types, all cause different presentation

33
Q

management of warts

A

resolve within 3-5 years but recurrence is high
no real treatment
Topical: salacylic acid, cryotherpy, elecrto surgery, lasar therapy

34
Q

genital warts

A

concern for sexual abuse and require extensive evaluation

35
Q

pediculosis

A

lice
require human blood for sustanace
they can crawl but not jump
3 types: head, pubic, body

36
Q

eggs of lice

A

nits
concrete to hair shaft
7-10 days to hatch, lay 10 eggs a day

37
Q

symtoms of lice

A

itching, dandruff- like substance, crawling sensation

sites: back of head, nape of neck, behind ears

38
Q

pediculosis corporis

A

body lice
associated with homelessness, crowded living conditions

39
Q

treatment for lice

A

permethrin 1% cream rinse (OTC) is the treatment of choice- can be used 2 months or older

40
Q

environment cleaning after lice

A
  • examine/inform contacts
  • launder hot water and dry on hot for 20 minutes
  • ## non washables: store in plastic bag for 2 weeks
41
Q

scabies

A

mite- close contacts through clothing and linen- transmititon happens in 15 min

42
Q

lesions of scabies

A

S shaped burrows that are worse at night

43
Q

treatment of scabies

A

scabicide application: thin layer from neck down, special attention - under fingernails, scalp, behind ears, folds, creases, feet, hands. keep on for 8-14 hours and then rinse

Permetherin 5% cream drug of choice (VS 1% for lice)

severe crusted scabies tx: ivermectin (oral) as a second treatment

44
Q

-school rule for scabies

A

can return after 24 hours post treatment

45
Q

post scabies treatment symptoms

A

itching for 3 weeks
can use antihistamines or hydrocortisone treatment

46
Q

acne

A

ages starts: 12-13 girls
14-15 boys

47
Q

treatment for acne

A

1) tretnoin and benzole peroxide
2) antibiotics topically (gels are more powerful than the creams)
3) antibiotics Tetracyclines (doxycycline and minocycline) alternatives would be erythromycin
4) hormonal control- BC, OCP, spironolactone

48
Q
A

Peds Newborn- Adolescents (12 decks)

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