Week 6 Flashcards
What are metabolites
A substance necessary for living organisms to continue life
What uses metabolites?
The brain
What is the “trunk” of the brain
the brain stem
what is the brain stem responsible for?
many of our neural functions, such as regulating our breathing, heart rate, and digestion
What does the cerebelum look like and what does it do?
a little hump thing at the back bottom bit of the brain,
important to posture and coordinated movement, and language,
What are the cerebral hemispheres responsible for? How many are there?
responsible for cognitive abilities and conscious experience. 2: left and right
What is the largest part of the brain?
the cerebral hemispheres
what is occipital lobe responsible for?
vision
what is temporal lobe responsible for?
memory, multisensory integration
what is parietal lobe responsible for?
touch, temperature, pain, taste
what is frontal lobe responsible for?
motor planning, language, judgement, decision making
what is in the parietal lobe?
the primary somatosensory (body sensations) cortex
Basal Ganglia
Subcortical structures of the cerebral hemispheres involved in voluntary movement
Where is the basal ganglia
in the very center of the brain, a circle and then a long looped line
What is the limbic system? What is it made up of?
A loosely defined network of nuclei in the brain involved with learning and emotion, includes the amygdala, pituitary gland, thalamus, hypothalamus
What are the 2 cerebral hemispheres connected by?
the corpus callosum
What is the corpus callosum?
a bundle of white matter tract that allow the 2 hemispheres to talk to eachother
What side of the body is the left hemisphere responsible for in terms of movement and sensations?
the right side
What side of the body is the right hemisphere responsible for in terms of movement and sensations?
the left side
what are the symptoms of a split brain patient?
ppl who’s hemispheres are not connected
What is gray matter composed of?
the neuronal cell bodies
what are the cell bodies in gray matter ?
somas
what are the somas in gray matter responsible for?
metabolism and synthesizing proteins
What is white matter composed of?
the axons of the neurons, primarily the axons that are covered with a sheath of myelin
What is converging evidence?
similar findings reported from multiple studies using diff. methods
What is transcranial magnetic stimulation?
when a brief magnetic pulse is applied to the head that temporarily induces a weak electrical current that interferes with ongoing activity.
What is functional magnetic resonance imaging
a method that is used to assess changes in activity of tissue
What does fMRI (functional magnetic resonance imaging) measure?
blood volume and blood flow, and from this we infer neural activity
the change in the concentration of oxygenated hemoglobin, which is known as theblood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) signal.
What type of brain scan has the best temporal resolution?
Electroencephalography (EEG)
What is the peripheral nervous system?
The part of the nervous system that is outside the brain and spinal cord.
What is neural induction?
A process that causes the formation of the neural tube
What is the ectoderm?
The outermost layer of a developing fetus
What is the forebrain
A part of the nervous system that contains the cerebral hemispheres, thalamus, and hypothalamus.
What is Broco’s Area
area of the brain associated with language production
What are sulci?
crevices/fissures in the brain
