Week 6

Question 1

!Family Manidae (Pangolins) distribution

Answer 1

Africa and Asia

Question 2

!Why Xenarthrans are grouped together

Answer 2

They have an xenarthrous (extra) articular surface in the lumbar vertebrae - which may aid in digging.
All lack incisors and canines.
Molars (if present) are simple without enamel.
They all have a clavicle bone.

Question 3

Family Manidae (Pangolins) characteristics
Tongue
Tail
Limbs

Answer 3

*Tongue
Very long for eating termites
*Tail
Long and often prehensile 
*Limbs 
Powerful forelimbs and large claws for digging termite nests

Question 4

!How to distinguish an Asian from African pangolin?

Answer 4

Asian pangolins have hairs at the base of there scales

Question 5

!Family Manidae (Pangolins) human interaction

Answer 5

Hunted for food and thought to have medicinal properties (e.g the scales).
Habitat destruction.

Question 6

!Sub-order Folivora (sloths) distribution

Answer 6

South America

Question 7

Sub-order Folivora (sloths) characteristics.
Lifestyle
Limbs
Metabolism

Answer 7

*Lifestyle
Arboreal
*Limbs
Suspensary body plan (to hang from trees).
*Metabolism
Low metabolism and body temp due to low calorie leaf diet.

Question 8

!Sub-order Folivora (sloths) skull morphology

Answer 8

Short rostrum

Incomplete zygomatic arch

Question 9

!Sub-order Folivora (sloths) dentition

Answer 9

Continuously growing
Cylindrical
Homodont

Question 10

!2 toed sloths front molars

Answer 10

Have developed into a canine-like form (caniform molar)

Question 11

!Sub-order Folivora (sloths) toes

Answer 11

3 toes on hind feet.
2 toed sloths have 2 toes on front foot.
3 toed sloths have 3 toes on hind foot.

Question 12

!Sub-order Folivora (sloths) human interaction

Answer 12

Habitat distribution

Pet trade

Question 13

!Family Myrmecophagidae (anteaters) distribution

Answer 13

South America

Question 14

!Family Myrmecophagidae (anteaters) skull morphology

Answer 14

Long rostrum for long tongue

Incomplete zygomatic arch

Question 15

Family Myrmecophagidae (anteaters) dentition

Answer 15

Edentate for sucking up termites

Question 16

Family Myrmecophagidae (anteaters) other characteristics.
Tail
Limbs/claws

Answer 16

*Tail
Long and prehensile in 3/4 species
*Limbs/claws
Powerful forelimbs with large claws for defense and digging termite nests.

Question 17

!Silky anteaters unique characteristics?

Answer 17

Additional joint in the sole of the foot used for extra grip on branches

Question 18

!Family Myrmecophagidae (anteaters) human interaction

Answer 18

Hunted for food and pelts
Habitat loss
Roadkill

Question 19

!Family Dasypodidae (armadillos) distribution

Answer 19

South America

Question 20

Family Dasypodidae (armadillos) what classifies them?

Answer 20

Scutes!
They haVe bony scutes of dermal origin.
Dermal scales

Question 21

!Family Dasypodidae (armadillos) defensive behaviour

Answer 21

Roll into a ball

Question 22

!Family Dasypodidae (armadillos) skull morphology

Answer 22

Incomplete zygomatic arch.

Question 23

!Family Dasypodidae (armadillos) dentition

Answer 23

Homodont

Question 24

Family Dasypodidae (armadillos) Post cranial skeleton

Answer 24

Adapted for digging.

Limb bones are larger for increased muscle attachment for power.

Question 25

!Family Dasypodidae (armadillos) reproduction

Answer 25

Polyembryony - singe fertilised egg divides into many embryos