Week 5A- Cell Biology Flashcards
What is biology?
A science that explores living things and life processes
What are 3 features of cells?
- Basic unit of all living matter
- Essential for life
- Fundamental components of structure, development, growth and life processes in the human body
How does cells exist?
In a multitude of forms that perform diverse functions of the body
What are different types of moving cells?
Some exist as freely moving, independent units while other are stationary
What are qualities of cells that are mature?
They are highly specialized and have predetermined tasks to perform in support of the body
What are cell requirements of the body?
- Provide food as a source of raw material for the release of energy
- Supply oxygen to help break down food
- Have enough water to transport inorganic substances in/out of the cell
What is the benefit of proper cell function?
Enables the body to maintain homeostasis and equilibrium
What are the effects of ionizing radiation damage on cells?
- Cells behave abnormally
- Cells can die
What are the 3 chemical compositions of cells?
- Protoplasm
- Organic Compounds
- Inorganic Compounds
What are protoplasm?
Chemical building material for all living things
What processes do Protoplasm carry on?
Carry on complex processes of metabolism, the reception and processing of food and oxygen and elimination of waste
What do protoplasm consist of?
Organic compounds and inorganic material either dissolved or suspended in water
What are protoplasm formed from?
Formed from 24 elements, with the 4 primary being Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen and Nitrogen
What are the most important inorganic substances?
Water and mineral salts (electrolytes)
What are the 4 major classes of organic compounds that compose a cell?
- Proteins
- Carbohydrates
- Lipids
- Nucleic Acids
Which element is the basic constituent of all organic matter?
Carbon
What becomes possible when combining hydrogen, nitrogen and oxygen?
Life is possible
Which organic compound contains the most carbon?
Protein
What percent of cell content are proteins?
15%
What are the functions of Proteins?
Essential for growth, construction of new body tissue and repair of injured tissues
How are proteins formed?
When amino acids combine into long, chain like molecular complexes
What do proteins provide to the cell?
Structure and support
Which proteins control cell functions?
Enzymes and hormones
Out of the 4 organic compounds, in which choice would proteins fall in for fuel?
3rd choice