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CAPS Old World - Weekly Notes > Week 5: Spain > Flashcards

Week 5: Spain Flashcards

1
Q

Historical period marking beginning of viticulture in Spain?

A

Viticulture dating back to Romans

The Romans played a significant role in the development of winemaking techniques in Spain.

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2
Q

When did the Moors rule in Spain

A

8-15th century

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3
Q

What was unusual about the Spanish wine industry under Moorish rule:

A

Grey zone: taxed but not meant to be sold.

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4
Q

Spanish wine industry: turning point year:

A

1975

End of Franco’s regime
Beginning of modernization International recognition

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5
Q

Spanish wine industry in the 1860’s:

A

Thrived when phylloxera hit in France; boom lasted until grouse came to Spain

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6
Q

Why was the 20th century difficult in Spain?

A

Civil war, followed by autocratic rule of Franco

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7
Q

Spanish climate:

A

Predominantly Mediterranean featuring grape varieties that cross through Southern France, Italy and into Portugal

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8
Q

Northern Spain bordering France and Central Spain climate:

A

Cooler and continental

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9
Q

Climate of Spain near Malaga:

A

Hot

Not much cooling from ocean and proximity to equator

Also hot dry winds from North Africa

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10
Q

What technique will winemakers use in cooler parts of Spain?

A

Carbonic maceration

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11
Q

List some of the main wine producing regions in Spain:

A

Rioja
Ribera del Duero
Priorat
Riax Biaxas
Bierzo
Cava

Sherry

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12
Q

What is Spanish wine law based on?

A

Modelled on French AOP system but less stringent on average

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13
Q

What does DOP in Spain mean?

A

Dénominacion d’Origen Protegida

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14
Q

Places with some of the most stringent regulations in Spain:

A

Rioja and Sherry

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15
Q

Majority of DOP’s in Spain with respect to regulations. What impact does it have?

A

Allow a broad range of varieties

DOC credential is weakened

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16
Q

First solution to “weakened” reputation of DOP’s due to high number of allowable grapes:

A

Creation of DOCa

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17
Q

Name the 2 DOCa’s in Spain:

A

Rioja
Priorat

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18
Q

Second solution to “weakened” reputation of DOC’s due to high number of allowable grapes:

A

Creation of new appellation for single estates to have their own DOP

Called Vino de Pago

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19
Q

French equivalent of a Vino de Pago:

A

A monopole

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20
Q

Number of Vino de Pagos:

A

24

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21
Q

Where are the majority of Vino de Pagos:

A

Castille y Léon

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22
Q

Three necessary conditions for Vino de Pago status:

A

Must be owned by the winery who produces the wines

Must be a registered DO

Must demonstrate unique characteristics that make it worthy of receiving the status.

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23
Q

Main grape in Rioja:

A

Tempranillo

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24
Q

What can Tempranillo in Rioja be blended with:

A

Garnacha

Graciano and Mazuelo

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25
Q

Notable geographical feature in Rioja:

A

Ringed by mountains

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26
Q

Three subregions of Rioja

A

Rioja Baja (orientale)

Rioja Alta

Rioja Alavesa

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27
Q

Which subregion of Rioja is coolest? Why?

A

Northern Rioja more cool and continental due to Pyrenees

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28
Q

Culture in Northern Rioja:

A

Basque

Distinct Spanish dialect

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29
Q

Main grape in Ribera del Duero:

A

Tempranillo

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30
Q

Tempranillo synonyms in Ribera del Duero:

A

Tinto Fino

Tinto del Pais

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31
Q

Ribera del Duero climate:

A

Extreme continental

Extreme heat and very cool night temperatures

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32
Q

Name of the Duero River in Portugal:

A

Duoro

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33
Q

Red wine ageing requirements in Rioja:

A

Joven / Generico 0

Crianza 1/0/2

Reserva /6/3

Gran Riserva 2/2/5

34
Q

White/rosé wine ageing requirements in Spain:

A

Think 0, 18, 24 48

Think 6 months in barrel for all three

35
Q

Sparkling wine ageing requirements in Spain

A

Reserva: 2 years en tirage (lees)

Gran Añada: 3 years en tirage (lees)

Gran Añada Vintage: must be hand-harvested

36
Q

Can Rioja ageing requirements be extended?

37
Q

What is a “Zona” in Rioja

A

A wine labelled by subregion

38
Q

What does the Municipality mean on a label of Rioja wine?

A

100 different municipalities allowed on the label

Producer needs to grow grapes and have production facilities in that village

39
Q

What is a Vineyardos Singulaire in Rioja?

A

Akin to Crus

10 year history of working in the vineyard

Vineyard must be at least 35 years old

100% grapes sourced from this vineyard

Hand-harvested and estate bottled

Must be approved by the Consejo Regulator

40
Q

Rias Baixas geography:

A

Lush, green, cool coastal appellation on Spain’s Atlantic coast

41
Q

What country and water feature does Rias Baixas border on?

A

Boders on Portugal; Vinho Verde sites on the other side of of the Minho River

42
Q

Rias Baixas principal grape:

43
Q

What grape forms the background of Vinho Verde in Portugal?

A

Albarino; also blended with other wines

44
Q

Laterals to Albarino:

A

Muscadet
Pinot Grigio

45
Q

Describe an Albarino wine:

A

Pale straw
Crisp
Mostly unoaked
Semi-aromatic
Substantial lees contact

46
Q

What reds are made in Rias Baixas?

A

Blends of Mencia and Garnacha

47
Q

Where is Bierzo?

A

Inland region northwest of the Duero River Valley

Region sits inside Green Spain

48
Q

Describe the geography of Bierzo:

A

Mountainous river valley

49
Q

Describe a red wine from Bierzo:

A

Bright, red-fruit driven with moderate tannins

50
Q

Method of Cava production:

A

Traditional method

51
Q

Where is the heart of Cava?

A

Penedès in Catalunya

52
Q

Who is the father of Cava?

A

Jo, Fat Jo eating ravioli

Josep Raventos Fatjo

53
Q

What is Cava traditionally perceived as?

A

Simple, cheap and middling quality

54
Q

Does Cava oxidize quickly?

55
Q

Is Chardonnay permitted in Cava?

A

Yes. Some producers make a point of listing it

56
Q

Where is 95% of Cava production?

57
Q

Three grapes in Cava:

A

Xarello (the star)
Macabeo (Viura)
Parallada

58
Q

Cava g/l

A

Brut Nature 0-3
Extra Brut 0-6
Brut 0-12

Extra Seco 12-17
Seco 17-32
Semi Seco 32 - 50

Dulce 50+

59
Q

Ageing for Cava de Guarda:

A

9 months

Youngest Cava
Fruity, aromatic, aged in bottle 9 months

60
Q

Ageing for Cava Reserva

A

18 months

Obligatory ageing periods
Rich in nuances
Strict quality requirements

61
Q

Gran Reserva Cava ageing requirements:

A

30 months

Obligatory ageing periods
Rich in nuances
Strict quality requirements

62
Q

Cava De Paraje Calificado ageing requirements:

A

36 months

Specific site
Obligatory ageing periods
Rich in nuances
Strict quality requirements

63
Q

Five famous Rioja producers:

A

La Rioja Alta
Riscal
Muga
Artadi
CVNE

High Rioja rascals mug art at the CNE

64
Q

Five famous Ribera del Duero producers:

A

Vega Sicilia
Mauro
Emilio Moro
Aalto
Alión

Suzanne Vega halts and kisses a lion. Moro…so Emilio Mauro.

65
Q

Describe the geography of Priorat:

A

Mountainous region in Catalunya

66
Q

Grapes of Priorat:

A

Garnacha and Carignan

67
Q

Unique feature of Priorat soil:

A

Licorelle: black schist and quartzite

68
Q

When did Priorat get developed? By whom?

A

Acclaimed vineyards founded in 1980’s

Alvaro Palacio and Renée Barbier

69
Q

Concentration and agebility of Priorat wines:

A

Super concentrated

Long lived

70
Q

Fruit and structure of Priorat wines:

A

Intense fruit

Intense structure

Minerality

71
Q

Why was the Ribera del Duero able to establish its identity in the 1980s? What did this allow for?

A

Less fixed historical style so more flexibility

72
Q

What trends influenced the development of Ribera del Duero wines in the 1980s:

A

Robert Parker
Bordeaux
Napa

73
Q

What do Ribera del Duero wines resemble? Why?

A

Extreme continental and windy climate: wines are very new world in character

74
Q

What are Ribera del Duero often blended with:

A

CS or Merlot

75
Q

Describe a Ribera del Duero wine:

A

Polished, tannic, lots of new oak and alcohol

76
Q

Who invested heavily in Bierzo

A

Alvaro Palacios - quick success and global reach

77
Q

Number of subregions in Rias Biaxas:

78
Q

Development of Cava reputation:

A

Once seen as cheap; trying to change that

79
Q

Current Cava ageing meant to improve quality and reputation:

A

Extended ageing resembling Champagne

CAPS Old World - Weekly Notes (24 decks)

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