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108 Lab > Week 5 (Sheep & Goats) > Flashcards

Week 5 (Sheep & Goats) Flashcards

1
Q

Where in Texas are most of the sheep population located?

A

Edward’s Plateu

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2
Q

Extensive Production Systems

A
  • southwestern range operations
  • northwestern range operations
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3
Q

Intensive Production System

A
  • farm flock operation
  • lamb feedlot industry
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4
Q

What are Southwestern Range Operations

A
  • use finer wool ewes, most adaptable
  • very little supplemental feed
  • impacts on profit: rain, predators, lamb crop, high quality fleece
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5
Q

What are Northwestern Range Operations

A
  • similar structure to southwest, more supplemental feed
  • goal: fast growing, easily marketed carcass sheep, coarser, heavier fleeced ewes, larger lamb crop
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6
Q

Farm Flock Sheep Production

A

Lamb Production: intensive management 150-200% lamb crop

Maternal (prolific, heavy milking)
Paternal (growth, muscularity)

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7
Q

Lamb Feedlot Industry

A
  • Colorado & Texas led
  • concentrate diets: high energy content
  • goal= maximize average daily gain
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8
Q

3 parts of Goat Production

A
  1. Hair Production
  2. Meat Production
  3. Dairy Production
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9
Q

What is the hair in goat production?

A

Mohair (angora goat) 90% of U.S. production in Texas

Spanish Goat Nannies X cashmere bucks

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10
Q

Goat Production (meat)

A
  • Spanish goat
  • boer goat
  • browse
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11
Q

Goat Production (dairy)

A
  • intensively managed
  • leading states are Wisconsin & California
  • Nubian and saanen
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12
Q

Reproduction

A

Puberty: Rams/Ewes 6 to 8 months
Length of Estrous Cycle: 17 days
Length of Estrus: 30 hours
Ovulation: 15 hours after onset of estrous
Gestation length: 150 days

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13
Q

Filiform Appendage

A

Goat Penis

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14
Q

Goat Reproduction

A

Age of Puberty: 6 to 8 months
Estrous cycle length: 21 days
Estrus Length: 36 hours
Ovulation: 24 hours after estrus
Gestation length: 150 days

  • seasonal breeders (breed in fall, birth in spring)
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15
Q

Range

A
  • extensively managed
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16
Q

Jugs

A
  • intensively managed inside barns (5x5)
17
Q

Docking

A
  • removal of tail
  • two weeks of age
18
Q

Castrate

A
  • removal of testicles
  • four weeks of age
19
Q

4 ways to dock

A
  1. Knife
  2. Emasculator
  3. Elastrator
  4. Electric Docker
20
Q

4 ways to castrate

A
  1. Knife
  2. Elastrator
  3. Burdizzo
  4. Emasculator
21
Q

Common management practices

A
  1. Crutching (shear backside)
  2. Facing (shear face)
  3. Drenching (drain)
  4. Spraying
22
Q

What animals are used for predator control?

A
  • Great Pyrenees
  • donkey
  • llamas
  • Border collies
23
Q

Age determinate (TEETH)

A

1-1.5 years = first pair
1.5-2 years= second pair
2.5-3 years= third pair
3.5-4years= fourth pair

24
Q

Internal Parasites

A

Haemonchus contortus
From grass

25
Q

External Parasites

A
  • flies
  • keds
  • ticks
  • lice
26
Q

Health Problems

A
  1. Starvation
  2. Trauma
  3. Enterotoxemia
  4. Sore Mouth (zoonotic)
  5. Coccidiosis
27
Q

Front leg problems

A
  • buck kneed (too foward)
  • calf kneed (backwards)
  • weak pastures
28
Q

Hind leg problems

A
  • post legged
  • sickle hocked
  • weak pasterns
  • bow legged
  • cow hocked
29
Q

Correct Mouth Soundness

A
  • lower incisors align with dental pad
30
Q

Overshot Jaw (parrot mouth)

A

Hinders intake

31
Q

Undershot jaw (monkey mouth)

A

Hinders intake

32
Q

Sheep fleece traits

A
  • staple
  • density
  • yield
  • uniformity grade
  • fitness
    *color
  • luster
33
Q

Ewes

A
  • commonly, reeders select for multiple births
    Culling auntie rearing ewes increases
34
Q

Rams

A
  • physical assessment of scrotal size and semen evaluation
35
Q

Genetics Evaluation

A

NSIP NATIONAL SHEEP IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM
FEPD FLOCK EXPECTED PROGENY DIFFERENCE

  • maternal, growth, and wool traits
36
Q

Steps in Wool Production

A
  1. Shearing
  2. Grading
  3. Packaging
  4. Storage
  5. Marketing
  6. Manufacturing
37
Q

Manufacturing

A
  1. Sorting
  2. Scouring
  3. Drying
  4. Carding
  5. Carding
38
Q

Major factors of Wool Evaluation

A
  • yield
  • grade
  • staple length
39
Q

Wool should be free from

A
  • black fibers, kemp, excess belly wool

108 Lab (12 decks)

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