Week 4 (horses) Flashcards
Light/Hot Blooded (hunter type)
- gallop hunting
- cross country
- riding
Light or Hot Blooded (Stock type)
- speed & balance
- quarter horse, paint, Appaloosa
Horse Identifications
- registered horses must be identified in order to maintain each individual horses unique identity
- different breed registries require different means of identification
Horse Identifications
- registered horses must be identified in order to maintain each individual horses unique identity
- different breed registries require different means of identification
Types of horse identification
- freeze branding
- hot iron branding
- lip tattooing
- chestnuts
- micro chipping
*color
Color
- not white areas on the horse
Pattern
- white hair and its arrangement on the animal
Horse color
- sum of body color and point color
Points
- mane, tail, lower legs, and ear rims
Dappling
- network of darker areas over lighter areas that can be present on any horse color
Gray
- Mixture of white hairs in any horse color
- gray is progressive, horse gets lighter with age
Colors with black points (black)
- black body with black points
Roan
- white hairs interspersed in coat of any horse color, but are restricted from the head area
- born roan and stay roan forever
Colors with Black Points (Brown)
- body is a shade of brown, no red tone
- black points
Colors with black points (BAY)
- some shade of red, nearly yellow to nearly black
- black points
- red hair gives coat brilliance
Face markings
Colors with black points (Buckskin)
- shade of yellow that can range from a light tan to a deep gold
- cream dilution
- points are black
Colors with Non Black points (red duns)
- washed out red or yellowish red bodies
- red, down, or flaxen points have primitive marks
Chestnut or Sorrel
- body any shade of red, ranging from very dark to bright red to very light red
White leg markings
Patterns of white (Tobiano)
- most common paint pattern
- white crosses top line
- legs usually white
- head is colored
- sharp distinction between color and white
Overo (no white crosses topline)
- no white crosses topline
- extensively white head
- eyes may be blue
- fuzzy between white and color
Determining Characteristics
Four Parts
- neck, slope of shoulder, topline, slope of hip
Three Parts
Shoulder, barrel, hip area
Two parts
Depth of heart
Length of leg
Masculinity
- bold, strong head, jaw, creeper neck, delineation of muscle, shallow mouth, wide set alert eyes
Femininity
*softer face, jaw, clean neck, throat latch, smoother, wide set alert eyes
Age determinate by teeth
- most productive years of a horses life are from 5 to 8
- beyond eight years number of dependable years
Breeding operations
*broodmare management
* stallion management
* general breeding operation
* training operation
* fighting for sale
* boarding facilities
* combination facilities
Reproduction
Age of Puberty: colts (11 to 15 months) fillies (12 to 15 months)
Reproductive cycle: estrous 21 days; estrus 5 to 6 days
Ovulation: 24 to 48 hours hours before end of estrus
Gestation length: 336 days 11 months
Seasonal Breeders: breed in early spring
Feeding
- long roughage for proper intestinal function
- 1% of body weight in roughage
- energy needs to increase as horse grows
Management Common Care
Castration: between 1 and 2 years of age with Emasculator
Branding: prior to registration around weaning time
Hoof Care: 3 to 4 months of age
Curb
- indirect pressure
Curb
- indirect pressure
Snaffle
- direct pressure
Bosal & hackamore
- utilizes nose, poll, chin pressure points NO BIT IN MOUTH
English Saddle
Western Saddle
