Week 5 Sensory Flashcards
White part of the eye that protects the eyeball
Sclera
Black dot in which light can enter is the
Pupil
Color part of the eyes that surrounds the pupil
Iris
Cranial nerve II is the
Optic Nerve
what cranial nerves control EOMs of the eye
3, 4, and 6
Transparent anterior part of the eye ball
Cornea
Fluid filled space betweent cornea and iris
Anterior Chamber
Aqueous Humor
Watery liquid, fills anterior and posterior chambers of the eye, provides nourishment to the eye
Conjunctiva
Mucous Membrane that lines the eye lid and outer surfaces of the eye
Tubes that carry tears to the lacrimal sac
Lacrimal Ducts
Glands of Zeis
Oil glands around the eyelashes - sebaceous glands
Moil gland
Sweat gland - apocrine gland
Meibomian Gland
Secretes oily portion of tears to help keep the eye lubricated from tears evaporating
Fundus
Interior surface of the eye, which includes the retina, optic disk, macula lutea, and posterior pole
Central region of the retina responsible for central vision yellow pigment provides its color
Macula or Macula Lutea
Fovea or Focal Point
Pinpoint depression in the center of the back of the eye- sharpest area vision- near center of macula- where most cones are located
Optic Disc
Exit site of retinal nerve fibers as well as entrance point for retinal arteries and exit point for retinal veins
Perceives and transmits light to the optic nerve
Retina
Contracts and dilates to regulate light from passing through the pupil
Iris
- colored part of the eye
Lens
Transparent structure behind the pupil that bends and focuses light ray to the retina
Area between the iris and lens
Lens is behind the iris and normally clear
Light passes through the pupil to the lens
Lens held in place by small tissue strands or fibers extending from inner wall of the eye
Posterior Chamber
Nerve carrying sense of sight from retina to the brain
Cranial Nerve II
Black circular opening in the center of the iris through which light passes as it enters the eye
Pupil
Vitreous
Jelly like mass filling the inner chamber between the lens and retina that gives bulk to the eye
Eyes are the organ of sight that provide what view?
3D view
Light enters the eye through the pupil and the lens focuses light rays on the retina on what nerve tissue?
Nerve Tissue in the inner posterior of the eye
Distorted Vision
Astigmatism
Hyperopia
Beyond sight - can only see far away
Myopia
Can only see things that are closer to the eye.
Light that is being bent in front of the retina and not exactly at the retina
Hyperopia
Light rays are bent behind the retina
Black and white color
Rods
Different colored tones
Cones
Nerve fibers from the __________and _____________ join into the __________
rods and cones optic disk where the optic nerve carries transmissions to the brain
Where the optic nerves converge and exit the eye
Optic disc
- no light cells to detect light
- Results in a break in the visual field, known as the blind spot
Retinal Detachment
Separation of the retina from the underlying epithelium
Will lead to blindness if not surgically repaired
Anisocoria
Unequal pupils
Need to assess as soon as possible to determine if acute damage or congenital
acute can mean brain bleed
Coloboma
Congenital malformation of the eye causing defects in the lens, iris, or retina
The hole is present from birth and can be caused when a gap called the
Chronic Fissure
Present during early stages prenatal development
Fails to close up completely before a child is born
Eye Strain
Asthenopia
Bleparospasm
Involuntarily contraction of the muscle surrounding the eye causing uncontrolled blinking and lid squeezing
Double Vision
Diplopia
Involuntary, rapid bouncing of the eye
Nystagmus
Extreme sensitivity and discomfort from light
Photophobia
Blind spot in vision
Scotoma
Cataracts can be both what?
Congenital at birth or develop over time or be caused by eye trauma
Blepharitis
Inflammation of the eye lid
Blepharoptosis
Drooping of the eye lid
Cataract
Opaque clouding of the lens
Amblyopia
Decreased vision early life because of a functional defect that can occur as a result of strabismus, ( condition of eye misalignment caused by intraocular muscle imbalance) refractory errors ( one eye being in focused and the other is either near or far sighted) or trauma; it is also lazy eye
3 types of Amblyopia
Hypertropia - Upward
Entropion/ Esotropia - Middle inward
Ectropion/ Exotropia- Top outward
How can lazy eye be corrected?
Can be done through brain training by wearing a patch over the good eye to strengthen the lazy eye muscles to force the brain to recognize the weaker eye
May need to wear glasses
If not corrected; then surgery can be done to tighten the loose eye
Drooping of the eyelid usually caused by paralysis
Blepharoptosis
Chronic nodular inflammation of the meibomian gland, usually the result of the blocked duct
Chalazion; also known as a Stye
Pink eye inflammation of the conjunctiva
Conjunctivitis
Inflammation of the lacrimal duct
Dacryoadenitis
Inflammation of the iris
Iritis
Inflammation of the cornea
Keratitis
Snellen Eye Chart
Used for distance acuity
Measure to see details and shape from 20ft, normal is 20/20U
Use of ophthalmoscope to view the interior of the eye
Ophthalmoscopy
Slit Lamp
Tabletop microscope used to examine the eye, especially the cornea, lens, fluids, and membranes
Used to measure intraocular pressures, the eye pressure is elevated in glaucoma
Tonometry
Fluorescein Angiography
Visualization and photography of retinal and choroidal vessels made as fluorescein dye circulates through the eye, the dye is injected into patients vein
Wet Type
Macular Degeneration
AMD
Age related Macular Degeneration
Most common cause of vision loss in persons older than age 60 years
Wet Type
Neovascular or Exudative
May have abrupt onset