Week 5 - Intro to Chemistry Flashcards
What is chemistry?
The science that studies atoms and molecules and their interactions. It deals with materials, their properties and the changes they undergo.
What is physiology?
The study of how our body works - mainly how the chemicals and molecules in our cells and tissues interact.
How do Chemistry and Physiology relate?
Physiology studies how chemistry relates to living organisms.
What is the division of chemistry relating to living organisms called?
Biochemistry
What is matter?
Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space.
What are the 3 states of matter?
- Solid
- Liquid
- Gas
What is an atom?
An atom is the smallest unit of matter that can enter a chemical reaction. They are unable to be broken down any further.
What is an element?
Matter that consists of only one type of atom.
How many elements are there?
There are 92 naturally occurring elements, as well as artificially created elements from nuclear reactions.
What are ions?
Atoms with an electrical charge.
What are the 3 groups of sub-atomic particles that make up an atom?
- Protons - Positively charged
- Neutrons - No charge
- Electrons - Negatively charged
What are the 2 different sections of an atom?
- Nucleus - contains neutrons and protons.
2. Electron Cloud - where electrons orbit around the nucleus in orbitals.
What sort of charge do atoms have?
Atoms have a neutral charge. Even though protons have a positive charge and electrons have a negative charge, these two charges cancel each other out and create a neutral charge.
What happens to the energy of electrons as they get further from the nucleus?
The further an electron gets from the nucleus the more energy they have, the closer they are to the nucleus the lower the energy they have.
Can electrons move between orbital layers?
Yes. They can move between orbital layers, but they cannot exist between layers.
