Week 5 - Impact of Exercise on the Heart

Question 1

Cardiac arrest

Answer 1

sudden unexpected loss of contractile function of the heart

Question 2

What is a key determining factor for cardiac arrest?

Answer 2

time to initiation of chest compressions

Question 3

AED (automated external defibrillator)

Answer 3

applies an electrical shock to body to reverse abnormal arrhythmia to restore ability of the heart to pump blood

Question 4

CPR

Answer 4

basic life support to help the heart circulate some blood to the tissues

Question 5

What is the relationship between maximal cardiac output and maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max)?

Answer 5

As maximal cardiac output increases, maximal oxygen consumption increases.

Question 6

Why do trained individuals have a greater SV and thus cardiac output?

Answer 6

Training results in an increased size of the heart (cardiac hypertrophy), in particular the left ventricle.
Left ventricle can therefore hold more blood and deliver more blood to desired skeletal muscles per beat.

Question 7

Why does cardiac output increase in trained individuals despite reduced heart rate?

Answer 7

Increase in stroke volume (due to increase heart size) so the heart doesn’t have to beat as much to eject the same amount of blood - heart rate lowers.

Question 8

Double product equation - reflects the relative changes in workload placed on the heart during exercise.

Answer 8

HR x systolic BP

Question 9

What type of heart hypertrophy does resistance training cause?

Answer 9

Concentric hypertrophy
- Increased left ventricle wall thickness

Question 9

What type of heart hypertrophy does aerobic training cause?

Answer 9

Eccentric hypertrophy
- Dilation of the left ventricular chamber