Week 5 - Emotions Flashcards
Emotion response components
Behavior: muscular movements that are appropraiate, taking aggressive
posture, running away
Hormonal: reinofrce autonomic response, increase of
norepinephrine
Autonomic: chemical things in body that creates that behavior, like increased heart rate, etc.
Emotion Theories
James-Lange theory
Cannon-Bard theory
Schachter-Singer theory
Amygdala
Core Processor of Conscious & Unconscious Fear + Value
In temporal lobe
What other systems does the amygdala interact with?
Hippocampus (long-term memories, including episodic memory and long term potentiation (creating conditioned response))
Hypothalamus (sympathetic nervous response, fight or flight, physical feelings of fear)
Thalamus (unconscious fear processing; classical conditioning and unconditioned fear response/gut feeling)
What would happen if you stimulated the hypothalamus vs amygalada?
Hypothalamic stimulation
produces physiological fear
*Amygdalar stimulation
produces ‘report’ of feeling
afraid
Three nuceli of amygalada
Lateral nucleus - SENSORY INPUT GATEWAY (takes in information)
Central nucleus - Key role in emotional response to AVERSIVE STIMULI –> STRESS
- damage: decrease stress hormones
- stimulation: fear agitation
Basal nucleus
- Sends information out to VMPFC
- (says we are afraid, VMPFC help us come up with response)
What happens if have damage to amygalada
no longer show fear
Lower stress hormones in blood system
Social anxiety=more amygdalar function
Kluver-Bucy Syndrome
Can be caused by stroke, (herpes simplex) encephalitis, tumors, TBI, and even a lobotomy.
Damage to the bilateral amygdaloid nuclei
(anterior temporal lobes) and hippocampus
Results in:
* Absence of Fear & Anger Response
* Psychic Blindness/Visual Agnosia
* Hyper-orality
* Hyper-sexuality w/o sexual desire
* Binge Eating Disorder/Bulimia
* Memory Disorders
if somoene makes angry
face at you, you dont
recognize
put things in mouth
you touch your body but not for pleasure
Urbach-Weithe Disease
Rare genetic d/o, progressive neural damage to amygdala
don’t react to scary stimuli (haunted house, held at knife point, snakes, etc.)
Aggression and serotonin: genetic heritability
Higher correlations b/t monozygotic twins > dizygotic in
* Antisocial bx
* Unemotional bx
50-65% Heritability –> Believed to be d/t gene modifications impacting
serotonin synthesis/signaling
Aggression and serotonin: Child-Parent Interactions
Aggressive Child-Parent Interactions = ↑ amygdala activation & aggression
Serotonin on Aggression & Risky Behavior
Serotonin inhibits Aggression & Risky Behavior
Destruction of serotonergic axons in forebrain or inhibition of synthesis = ↑
aggression, assault, arson, murder and child abuse.
in monkeys:
* Picked more (unwinnable) fights
* Took further jumps
SSRIS and Iritability
decreases levels of irritability and aggressive
Orbitofrontal Cortex
Involved in emotional expression!!
- Gets information from frontal lobe, sensory systems & amygdala
- Sends information to amygdala, hippocampus, temporal lobe &
hypothalamus - Interpret variety of social cues and reacting to complex situations
- Involved in assessing the personal consequences of situation
- Lesions produce irresponsibility
What side of face has more emotional signals
left
