Week 5: Cerebellum

Question 1

List the major anatomical subdivisions of the cerebellar cortex.

Answer 1

• Pontocerebellum
• Spinocerebellum
• Vestibulocerebellum

Question 2

List the major anatomical subdivisions of the deep cerebellar nuclei.

Answer 2

• Dentate nucleus
• Interposed nuclei
• Fastigial nucleus

Question 3

List the three lobes of the cerebellar cortex.

Answer 3

flocculonodular
anterior
posterior

Question 4

The cerebellum receives input from where?

Answer 4

regions of cerebral cortex that plan and initiate skilled movements

sensory systems that monitor course of movements

Question 5

True/false: The cerebellum projects to upper motor neurons.

Answer 5

FALSE

Corrects output of motor cortex via its thalamic connections – does not project to lower motor neurons (LMN) in BS or SC

Question 6

Which of the following is a lobe of the cerebellar cortex? (select all that apply)

a. posterior
b. pontocerebellum
c. primary fissure
d. fastigial nucleus
e. flocculonodular
f. occipital
g. insular

Answer 6

a. posterior

e. flocculonodular

Question 7

Major afferent and efferent pathways of the cerebellum form a loop between which three regions?

Answer 7

the cerebral cortex, brainstem and spinal cord

Question 8

List the three cortical layers of the cerebellar cortex.

Answer 8

molecular, Purkinje cell, granule cell

Question 9

Deep nuclei of the cerebellum receive excitatory input from (select all that apply):

a. Purkinje cells
b. Climbing fibers
c. Basket cells
d. Golgi cells
e. Mossy fibers
f. Granule cells

Answer 9

b. Climbing fibers (collateral)
e. Mossy fibers

They receive inhibitory input from Purkinje cells

Question 10

True/false: Purkinje cells inhibit Golgi cells.

Answer 10

TRUE: Purkinje cells inhibit Golgi cells.

Question 11

The flocculonodular lobe consists of what?

Answer 11

Nodule and flocculus

Question 12

Climbing fibers come from _______ to innervate __________.

Answer 12

Climbing fibers come from the inferior olivary complex to innervate a single Purkinje’s proximal dendritic tree.

Question 13

What is the most superficial layer of the cerebellar cortex?

Answer 13

– molecular

Question 14

Purkinje cells receive excitatory input from (select all that apply):

a. Deep nuclei of the cerebellum
b. Climbing fibers
c. Basket cells
d. Golgi cells
e. Mossy fibers
f. Granule cells

Answer 14

b. Climbing fibers
f. Granule cells (with parallel fibers that innervate multiple Purkinje)

They receive inhibitory input from basket cells

Question 15

Purkinje cells have axons that end in the:

a. the cerebral cortex
b. thalamus
c. brainstem
d. cerebellar nuclei

Answer 15

d. cerebellar nuclei

Question 16

Which cerebellar peduncle contains cerebellar efferent fibers, the ventral spinocerebellar tract and tectocerebellar fibers?

a. Superior
b. Middle
c. Inferior

Answer 16

a. Superior cerebellar peduncle

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT true regarding the vermis?

a. It is the region of the cerebellum in and near the midline
b. The superior vermis lies in a deep depression
c. The medial parts of the hemispheres beside the vermis are the paravermal zone
d. The end portion of the inferior vermis is the nodule

Answer 17

b. The superior vermis lies in a deep depression

Correction: the inferior vermis lies in a deep depression (the vallecula)

Question 18

The synaptic zone of the cerebellar cortex is the:

a. molecular layer
b. Purkinje cell layer
c. granule cell layer

Answer 18

a. molecular layer

Question 19

Comparative anatomy recognises three divisions of the cerebellum: the archicerebellum, the paleocerebellum and the …

Answer 19

Neocerebellum

Question 20

Which cerebellar peduncle contains olivocerebellar and dorsal spinocerebellar fibers, and the vestibulocerellar and fastigiobulbar connections?

a. Superior
b. Middle
c. Inferior

Answer 20

c. Inferior cerebellar peduncle

Question 21

The spinocerebellam includes consists of: (Select all that apply)

a. Vermis of the anterior lobe and the adjacent paravermal zones
b. The superior vermis in the posterior lobe
c. spinocerebellar tracts and cuneocerebellar fibers
d. The vestibular nerve and nuclei

Answer 21

a. Vermis of the anterior lobe and the adjacent paravermal zones
c. spinocerebellar tracts and cuneocerebellar fibers

Question 22

The flocculonodular lobe receives input from:

a. The vermis
b. The vestibular nerve and nuclei
c. The pons
d. The superior cerebellar peduncle

Answer 22

b. The vestibular nerve and nuclei
(ipsilateral)
(via the inferior cerebellar peduncle)

Question 23

Which cerebellar peduncle contains fibers from the contralateral pontine nuclei?

a. Superior
b. Middle
c. Inferior

Answer 23

b. Middle cerebellar peduncle