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Anatomy 2 > Week 5 - Cardiovascular System: Blood > Flashcards

Week 5 - Cardiovascular System: Blood Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 interrelated components of the cardiovascular system?

A

1) Blood transports various substances
2) Helps regulate several life processes
3) Affords tissue

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2
Q

What does the acronym CBC mean?

A

Complete Blood Count

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3
Q

What are the functions of the blood?

A

1) transportation
2) regulation
3) protection

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4
Q

What does thick blood do?

A

heart pushes too hard

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5
Q

What does thin blood do?

A

heart rate becomes too high

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6
Q

What does a centrifuge do to blood?

A

heavy materials separate to the bottom, while light materials separate to the top

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7
Q

(T/F) Blood is denser and more viscous (more flowing) than water

A

True

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8
Q

Blood is slightly alkaline. What is the pH?

A

7.2

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9
Q

(T/F) Blood constitutes about 50% of the total body weight.

A

False - It constitutes about 8%

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10
Q

(T/F) Blood volume is the same in both males and females.

A

False - 5-6 liters in average males and 4-5 liters in average females

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11
Q

Plasma is about 91.5% _________ and 8.5% ______.

A

water, solutes

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12
Q

Certain blood cells develop into cells that produce _______ __________ also called antibodies or immunoglobulins.

A

gamma globulins

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13
Q

Other solutes live in plasma, like _______.

A

viruses

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14
Q

What are the 3 formed elements of the blood?

A

RBC, WBC and platelets

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15
Q

What is the condition that has reduction oxygen carrying blood?

A

anemia

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16
Q

What is the universal hormone used for energy, libido and antiaging?

A

testosterone

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17
Q

(T/F) If there are more WBC than RBC in the blood, the individual is healthy.

A

False - the individual is sick, therefore more WBC are formed.

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18
Q

What formation of blood cells create clots and adhere to the vessel wall when dislodged (embolism)?

A

Thrombopoietin

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19
Q

What formation of blood cells generate natural occurring hormones in kidneys?

A

Erythropoietin (EPO)

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20
Q

What process regulates the total number of RBCs and platelets in circulation.

A

Negative Feedback

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21
Q

Process by which the formed elements of blood develop

A

Hemopoiesis

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22
Q

Connective tissue located between trabeculae of spongy bone. derived form mesenchyme.

A

red bone marrow

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23
Q

Hemocytoblast, cells derived form mesenchyme, have the ability to develop into any type of cell

A

Pluripotent Stem Cells

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24
Q

what pluripotent stem cells become

A

Myeloid and Lymphoid

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25
Q

(T/F) Lymphocytes are the only formed elements that divide once they leave red bone marrow.

A

True

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26
Q

Another name for Red Blood Cells

A

Erythrocytes

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27
Q

What blood cells are destroyed in the spleen and packaged and sent to the liver to be recycled.

A

Red Blood Cells

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28
Q

What types of molecules does the RBC contain?

A

hemoglobin molecules

29
Q

What are the functions of the hemoglobin?

A

1) releases oxygen

2) transports carbon dioxide

30
Q

Types of blood deficiency conditions include ________, _______-________ disease & Falacemia - a macrocytic type of ameia

A

Anemia, sickle-cell disease

31
Q

A crenated blood cell is an example of ______, a type of destructing/loosening RBC

A

Lysis

32
Q

Erythropoiesis and Proerythroblast are the stage of making ________ _________ cells

A

Red blood

33
Q

This is also known as a baby blood cell

A

Reticulocyte

34
Q

These types of cells have a nucleus and do not contain hemoglobin. With Granular types and Agranular monocytes and lymphocytes

A

White blood cells/leukocytes

35
Q

Eosinophil, Basophil and Neutrophil are all three types of ____________ _____________

A

Granular Leukocytes/WBC’s

36
Q

Lymphocytes, Monocytes, Fixed macrophages and Wandering Macrophages are all types of __________ _____________

A

Agranular Leukocytes/WBC’s

37
Q

The general function of WBC’s is to _________ ___________ by phagocytosis or immune responses

A

combat pathogens

38
Q

This eats up the extra or the foreign mater in cells

A

Phagocytosis

39
Q

This is the process of emergency responders that sends cells to deal with injury or even bad thoughts that need healing

A

Chemotaxis

40
Q

These are organelles in every cell but highly concentrated in WBC’s

A

Lysosomes

41
Q

These continually move among the lymphoid tissues, lymph and blood

A

Lymphocytes

42
Q

3 main types of lymphocytes are 1. _________, 2. _____________ & 3. _____________

A
  1. B cells, 2. T Cells & 3. Natural killer (NK) cells
43
Q

This type of lymphocyte makes antibodies and is fibrous glandis

A

B cells

44
Q

These two types of lymphocytes do the act of killing, actively searching for and destroying invaders

A

T cells & NK cells

45
Q

This is usually frozen for future use if a genetic problem should arise in the future

A

Cord Blood & stem cells

46
Q

This valve is found between the right atrium and right ventrical

A

Tricuspid valve

47
Q

The right ventrical side is known as controlling the ___________ functions

A

Pulmonary

48
Q

The left ventrical side of the heart is responsible for _____________ side

A

systemic

49
Q

The _______ valve transports blood from the Left atrium to the left ventricle

A

Mytro

50
Q

The heart is hollow, cone shaped and about the size of __ ________ ________

A

a closed fist

51
Q

The heart lies in the __________

A

mediastinum

52
Q

two-thirds of the hearts mass lies to the ______ of the midline

A

left

53
Q

The Right atrium has an _________ & __________ vena cava

A

Inferior & Superior

54
Q

The apex of the heart points _________

A

down/inferiorly

55
Q

The _______ Ventricle is stronger by nature because it pushes blood to the rest fo the body

A

Left

56
Q

The ________ vena cava carries blood back to the heart

A

Inferior

57
Q

The ________ vena cava drops back to the Right Atrium

A

Superior

58
Q

The 3 layers of the heart are the

A

Epicardium, Myocardium & Endocardium

59
Q

The Pulmonary trunk of the heart branches of superiorly to the ________ _________ artery & _______ __________ artery

A

right pulmonary & left pulmonary

60
Q

The _________ is where oxygen exchange occurs

A

Aveoli

61
Q

The __________ carotid goes tot he Face, Mandibular, Maxillary & temporal branch

A

External

62
Q

The _________ carotid goes internally to brain structure

A

Internal

63
Q

The internal and external carotid split at ______

A

C5 of the spinal column

64
Q

The subclavian artery goes directly to the _________ _______ of the vertebral column

A

Transverse foramen

65
Q

The 1. brachial cephalic/Common Corotid, 2. Left common corotid & 3. Left subclavial are 3 branches that come off of the _________ ________

A

Aeortic Arch

66
Q

The common corotid feed the _____ & _______ structures

A

face & brain

67
Q

The ________ ________ artery connects directly to the lower extremities

A

External Iliac

68
Q

The ________ _________ artery feeds directly into the Sacrum

A

Internal Iliac

69
Q

The Left Subclavial artery feeds into the ________ artery then ________ artery which branch of into the radial and ulnar then pulmar branches that feeds into digits

A

axillary; brachial

Anatomy 2 (8 decks)

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