Week 5 - Cardiovascular System: Blood Flashcards
What are the 3 interrelated components of the cardiovascular system?
1) Blood transports various substances
2) Helps regulate several life processes
3) Affords tissue
What does the acronym CBC mean?
Complete Blood Count
What are the functions of the blood?
1) transportation
2) regulation
3) protection
What does thick blood do?
heart pushes too hard
What does thin blood do?
heart rate becomes too high
What does a centrifuge do to blood?
heavy materials separate to the bottom, while light materials separate to the top
(T/F) Blood is denser and more viscous (more flowing) than water
True
Blood is slightly alkaline. What is the pH?
7.2
(T/F) Blood constitutes about 50% of the total body weight.
False - It constitutes about 8%
(T/F) Blood volume is the same in both males and females.
False - 5-6 liters in average males and 4-5 liters in average females
Plasma is about 91.5% _________ and 8.5% ______.
water, solutes
Certain blood cells develop into cells that produce _______ __________ also called antibodies or immunoglobulins.
gamma globulins
Other solutes live in plasma, like _______.
viruses
What are the 3 formed elements of the blood?
RBC, WBC and platelets
What is the condition that has reduction oxygen carrying blood?
anemia
What is the universal hormone used for energy, libido and antiaging?
testosterone
(T/F) If there are more WBC than RBC in the blood, the individual is healthy.
False - the individual is sick, therefore more WBC are formed.
What formation of blood cells create clots and adhere to the vessel wall when dislodged (embolism)?
Thrombopoietin
What formation of blood cells generate natural occurring hormones in kidneys?
Erythropoietin (EPO)
What process regulates the total number of RBCs and platelets in circulation.
Negative Feedback
Process by which the formed elements of blood develop
Hemopoiesis
Connective tissue located between trabeculae of spongy bone. derived form mesenchyme.
red bone marrow
Hemocytoblast, cells derived form mesenchyme, have the ability to develop into any type of cell
Pluripotent Stem Cells
what pluripotent stem cells become
Myeloid and Lymphoid
(T/F) Lymphocytes are the only formed elements that divide once they leave red bone marrow.
True
Another name for Red Blood Cells
Erythrocytes
What blood cells are destroyed in the spleen and packaged and sent to the liver to be recycled.
Red Blood Cells
What types of molecules does the RBC contain?
hemoglobin molecules
What are the functions of the hemoglobin?
1) releases oxygen
2) transports carbon dioxide
Types of blood deficiency conditions include ________, _______-________ disease & Falacemia - a macrocytic type of ameia
Anemia, sickle-cell disease
A crenated blood cell is an example of ______, a type of destructing/loosening RBC
Lysis
Erythropoiesis and Proerythroblast are the stage of making ________ _________ cells
Red blood
This is also known as a baby blood cell
Reticulocyte
These types of cells have a nucleus and do not contain hemoglobin. With Granular types and Agranular monocytes and lymphocytes
White blood cells/leukocytes
Eosinophil, Basophil and Neutrophil are all three types of ____________ _____________
Granular Leukocytes/WBC’s
Lymphocytes, Monocytes, Fixed macrophages and Wandering Macrophages are all types of __________ _____________
Agranular Leukocytes/WBC’s
The general function of WBC’s is to _________ ___________ by phagocytosis or immune responses
combat pathogens
This eats up the extra or the foreign mater in cells
Phagocytosis
This is the process of emergency responders that sends cells to deal with injury or even bad thoughts that need healing
Chemotaxis
These are organelles in every cell but highly concentrated in WBC’s
Lysosomes
These continually move among the lymphoid tissues, lymph and blood
Lymphocytes
3 main types of lymphocytes are 1. _________, 2. _____________ & 3. _____________
- B cells, 2. T Cells & 3. Natural killer (NK) cells
This type of lymphocyte makes antibodies and is fibrous glandis
B cells
These two types of lymphocytes do the act of killing, actively searching for and destroying invaders
T cells & NK cells
This is usually frozen for future use if a genetic problem should arise in the future
Cord Blood & stem cells
This valve is found between the right atrium and right ventrical
Tricuspid valve
The right ventrical side is known as controlling the ___________ functions
Pulmonary
The left ventrical side of the heart is responsible for _____________ side
systemic
The _______ valve transports blood from the Left atrium to the left ventricle
Mytro
The heart is hollow, cone shaped and about the size of __ ________ ________
a closed fist
The heart lies in the __________
mediastinum
two-thirds of the hearts mass lies to the ______ of the midline
left
The Right atrium has an _________ & __________ vena cava
Inferior & Superior
The apex of the heart points _________
down/inferiorly
The _______ Ventricle is stronger by nature because it pushes blood to the rest fo the body
Left
The ________ vena cava carries blood back to the heart
Inferior
The ________ vena cava drops back to the Right Atrium
Superior
The 3 layers of the heart are the
Epicardium, Myocardium & Endocardium
The Pulmonary trunk of the heart branches of superiorly to the ________ _________ artery & _______ __________ artery
right pulmonary & left pulmonary
The _________ is where oxygen exchange occurs
Aveoli
The __________ carotid goes tot he Face, Mandibular, Maxillary & temporal branch
External
The _________ carotid goes internally to brain structure
Internal
The internal and external carotid split at ______
C5 of the spinal column
The subclavian artery goes directly to the _________ _______ of the vertebral column
Transverse foramen
The 1. brachial cephalic/Common Corotid, 2. Left common corotid & 3. Left subclavial are 3 branches that come off of the _________ ________
Aeortic Arch
The common corotid feed the _____ & _______ structures
face & brain
The ________ ________ artery connects directly to the lower extremities
External Iliac
The ________ _________ artery feeds directly into the Sacrum
Internal Iliac
The Left Subclavial artery feeds into the ________ artery then ________ artery which branch of into the radial and ulnar then pulmar branches that feeds into digits
axillary; brachial
