Week 5: CAMPUS Flashcards
Most @ Risk for Burns
- Pediatric Population
- Toddlers
- Infants
What is the role of the skin?
- Temperature Regulation
- Control of Fluid Loss/In take
- Sensation to external stimuli
- Production of Vitamin D
- Secretin of Lubricating Oils
Classification of Skin
- Depth of Damage
- Area of Skin Damage
- Length of time
- Type of Exposure
- Area of Body
Superficial Burns
- a.k.a. (1st Degree Burn)
- Affect only Epidermis
Example of superficial burn?
- Sunburn
- Redness with mild edema
- Resolves in a few days
- No Skin Scarring
Superficial Partial-thickness burns
- a.k.a (2nd Degree Burn)
- Destroys epidermis & damage to papillary dermal layers
What are the results of Superficial Partial-thickness burns?
- Blood Vessels remain intact
- Blister forms over burn
- Pain present/Full Healing in 10 days
- Danger of infection
Skin layers ( top to bottom )
- Epidermis
- Papillary Dermis
- Reticular Dermis
- Subcutaneos Dermis
Deep partial-thickness burns
- a.k.a (3rd Degree Burn)
- Destroy epidermis & damage dermis
What are the results of Deep partial-thickness burns
- Damaged (Nerve Endings, Blood Vessels, Hair Follicles, and Sweat Glands)
- Intact (Deep Pressure Pacinian Corpuscles)
What are the complications of Deep partial-thickness burns?
- Blanch (Slow return due b.v. damage)
- Edema (Sever due to + circulation)
- Healing (3-5 weeks)
- Dry & Flaky Skin (destructed Sebaceous and Sweat Glands)
Full-thickness Bruns
- a.k.a (4th Degree burn)
- Destroys Epidermis & Dermis (Fat Tissue)
- Eschar
- No Sensation (Nerves destroyed)
Composite Graft
- small graft containing skin and underlying cartilage or other tissue
- Donor sites (ear skin/cartilage)
Subdermal Burns
- Destroys all Tissue EVEN Bone
- Flame or Electrical Burns
- Grafting/Amputation Tx
Electical Burns
- Tragets Blood Vessels, Heart, Kidneys
Child (Rule of 9’s)
- 17% Head
- 13 % LE
Burn Complications
- Infection
- Cardiac Arrest
- Smook Inhalation
- Pneumoia
- Hypthermia
- Dehydration
Brun Requirements
- Full Thickness >2-55% of body
- Partial Thickness > 20% of body
Medical Interventions for Bruns
- Stabilize patient
- Fluid Loss
- Wound Care
- Primary: Prevent Death
- Secondary: Prevent Infection
Wounds Interventions
- Debrided of dead/nonviable tissue
- Moist environment
- Antimicrobial ointments
- Surgical to remove eschar
Autograft
Patient’s own skin: Often thigh or buttock
Allograft
Another human (cadaver graft)
Isograft
- Graft from another person, identical DNA
- Essentially from a twin
Xenograft
- Another Species: Pig Skin or Pig Valve
Split-Thickness Skin Graft
- Partial-thickness removal of epidermis
- Some dermis
Full thickness skin graft
Epidermis and dermis
Grafts Sx/Tx
- Success of Graft
- Sufficient blood supply
- Immobilization 72 hrs.
- High caloric intake
- Stretching & maintain joint ROM
- Strict infection prevention