week 5 -> Aquaculture and fish as food

Question 1

How can fish feed the planet?

Answer 1

with 10 bill fish is needed to be a sustainable way to get food

Question 2

What can lead to more productive fisheries?

Answer 2

better management!

1) rebuild wild stocks to increase harvest
2) Stop overfishing: Establish science based quotas
3) reduce harmful subsidies (ie fishers get moe $ if fish more)
4) Stop illegal fishing.

Question 3

Most productive fish areas are in

Answer 3

national jurisdiction, thus regulations and laws CAN work/apply

Question 4

cost-benefit of fish

Answer 4

a high amount of protein for little resources ( with wild fisheries)

Question 5

what is aquaculture?

Answer 5

farmed fish from egg to harvest (47% of seafood from this) National not big deal but regionally is HUGE DEAL

Question 6

How is aquaculture done?

Answer 6

Fishes egg from wild stock (broadstock) after collected from the farmed fish
w shellfish, the spat is from wild then planted as seeds in aquaculture (fed by water collum, and happens to filter water)

Question 7

what is aquaculture NOT?

Answer 7

not fish ranching (though this is done in Alaska)

-thus adults live a whole life in controlled ENV

Question 8

Fish feed its from

Answer 8

plant waste products or fish meal (from reduction fisheries (cat food))

Question 9

Canada’s aquaculture industry farms

Answer 9

muscles, oysters, clams, lobsters, geaduck, pasific salmon & Atlantic halibus (not shrimp for some reason)

• madagascar king of shrimp
• norway leader in salmon fishing

Question 10

fish farming process

Answer 10

• hatched from seed/egg
• fish grown to the smolt stage in small tank(months)
• released into pens in the water(30m diameter moored to the bottom floor, rect in the pacific)
• after 2 years fish is harvested and processed

Question 11

Shellfish farming process

Answer 11

seeds into socks, suspended in water, feed by ecosystem not farmer, farmed all year long (in accordance to festivals too)

Question 12

Aquaculture benefits

Answer 12

• yearlong pay and good econ value
• reduces the impact on the environment
• less recourse intensive than other protines

Question 13

aquaculture issue: Eyesore

Answer 13

it doesn’t look pretty, and interrupts views of nature

-on the east coast, they are close to shore, BC more north where there is less people

Question 14

aquaculture issue: contaminants

Answer 14

• in 90s high level of PCB in fish and colourant(though not bad anymore)
• cnd food agency looks at effects of bioaccumulation on fish (why bluefin tuna cant be sold in CND)

Question 15

aquaculture issue: harm to the seafloor

Answer 15

unconsumed feed gathers on the seafloor
-depomod shows how much waste is accumilatied
-very little, should be neglected
-

Question 16

aquaculture issue: escaped fish

Answer 16

old aquaculture nets and holding tanks do have this issue, not so much anymore

• nets are strong and measured tensile of nets
• coated in coper to that plants and other sea animilas don’t cling to it adding weight
• if they escape: Sealions will attack nets to get fish
• if bread can cause genetic drift (issue with norway salmon)
• atlantic salmon in bc cannot bread with the pacific wild salmon

Question 17

aquaculture issue: sea lice

Answer 17

parisite in all marine ecosystems

• close proximity there is high spread
• removed with pesticide (done on net or tarp not in water)
• removed with drugged feed(neurotoxin)
• kill wild fish? Debate, hard to prove wrong

Question 18

desses spread

Answer 18

common in oyster farms. density amplifies this

Question 19

Aquaculture management:

Answer 19

1) Lease the seabed: to moor equipment, signed by a company not individual
2) license: Like building permit, and is annual, specifies requirements for farm
3) other reg elements like
- transport cant be impeaded
- have introduced and transferred permit form DFO
- CFIA inspects food safety

Question 20

Aquacultyre in BC

Answer 20

BC is completely managed federaly cus of Dr Morton: showed that fishing is federal responsibility
-resulted in the pacific aquaculture regulations with is great and lots of research an FN involvement

Question 21

Closed aquaculture

Answer 21

is on land, and thats jsut a lot of money and resources compared to in water