week 3 - living oceans wildlife

Question 1

seabirds =

Answer 1

spend most of life on ocean (all nest on land, lives in colonies)
Pelagic bird, very little on land. Costal bird, commonly sen on land
morphalogily, glands to filter sea water

Question 2

seabird diets

Answer 2

Surfacefeeders- zooplankton
divers- small fish
seaducks- crestations (crabs)
they are eaten by predators (sharks, killer wales etc.)

Question 3

Seabird threats

Answer 3

rats, snakes and foxes eating bird eggs
-ocean plastics (ingestion and starvation)
bycatch from longline fishing

Question 4

Crustations =

Answer 4

bugs of the sea
exoskeleton, shrimp crabs, barnacles and krill
uses whole ocean profile

Question 5

Lobster facts

Answer 5

can live up to 20 years

• primarly costal
• moult their skeleton
• can be clawed or spiny
• LC- born on ground, then circles the water Collom
• > shallow water in summer, deeper in winter

Question 6

lobster fishing

Answer 6

• to determine if lobster can be sold, measure carapace to determine age (only kids are really eaten)
• DFO divides lobster fishing claimed
  done in small boats
  huge economic value

Question 7

Pinnipeds =

Answer 7

sea mammals with flippers on front and rear feet

in cnd, walrus, sea lion and seals

Question 8

walruses

Answer 8

found in Atlantic and pasific, with long tusks (ivory)

• bottom sea feeders on scallops worms and crabs
• human, polar bears and killer whales are only preditors

Question 9

sea lions

Answer 9

found in pasific, organized into harems (1m many f)

• like to hang in big groups, and protected in CND and US
• interfere with aquaculture

Question 10

harbour seals

Answer 10

like to hang in gorups and are charismatic, has pups anualy on shore

• > found mostly in the Atlantic, but also pasific
• > blamed for cod fishers not recovering (they like cod)

Question 11

harp seal

Answer 11

born white and valued for its fur

->summer in artic, winter in st.lawrence

Question 12

grey seal

Answer 12

born on ice, will eat ANYTHING

-> impacts recovery of cos

Question 13

Seal fur industry in CND

Answer 13

Once big industry

• > big drop due to the selling of their furs made illegal in the EU
• > harvesting unethical (hit them on the head)
• > crash harmed northern economic livelihoods
• > killing baby seals made illegal in the 80s

Question 14

Cetaceans

Answer 14

have tails & fins/flippers, live only in sea
->law in CND cannot capture them
_> largest group of mammals in size

Question 15

dolphins and porpoises

Answer 15

-one blowhole
-very social
-eat fish
porpoises
-round head
dolphins
-conical
often caught as bycatch
and a little bit for food

Question 16

toothed whales

Answer 16

includes dolphins, porpoises, sperm, narwal, beluga and beaked
-are carnivores
=highly social and lives within families

Question 17

baleen whales

Answer 17

two blowholes (nostrils), includes blue, humpback and grey

• forage in epithegic zone, many krill
• has baleen system (the haired teeth thing) filters water

Question 18

whales are

Answer 18

highly migratory (conservation issue in counting and regulating)

• whaling knocked populations wayyy down and unlikely to come back
• international whaling convention banned commercial whaling in ’80s, CND did not sign so inut could harvest
• effected by bioaccumilation

Question 19

whales are affected by

Answer 19

• CC, changes in light change krill pattern and whales will follow krill
• competes with salmon fisheries out west
• fishing net entanglement common, drowns them
• huge interferes in aquaculture
• ships hit them