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Musculoskeletal Physiotherapy 1 > Week 5- ankle > Flashcards

Week 5- ankle Flashcards

1
Q

Name the three joints of the ankle

A

inferior tibiofibula
talocrural
the subtalar joint

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2
Q

What is the talocrural joint

A

The articulation between the talus, medial malleolus (distal tibia) and lateral malleolus (distal fibula)

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3
Q

talocrural type of joint

A

uniaxial modified hinge joint

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4
Q

Movements allowed at talocrural joint

A

flexion (plantarflexion)/ extension (dorsiflexion)

combined mvements of inversion/eversion possible with subtalar joint

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5
Q

What is the inferior tibiofibular joint?

A

The articulation between the distal tibia and the distal fibula

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6
Q

What type of joint is the tibiofibular (distal)

A

syndesmosis (designed for stability)

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7
Q

what injury occurs at the inferior tibiofibular joint

A

high ankle sprains

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8
Q

What is the subtalar joint

A

articulation between the talus and the calcaneus

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9
Q

What type of joint is the subtalar joint

A

Plane synovial joint

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10
Q

Movements allowed at the subtalar joint

A

Pronation (calcaneovalgus)
Supination
(calcaneovarus)

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11
Q

Which muscles dorsiflex the foot

A

Tibialis anterior
Extensor digitorum longus
Extensor hallicis longus

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12
Q

Which muscles plantarflex the foot

A

gastrocnemius
soleus
plantaris

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13
Q

Which muscles invert the foot

A

Tibialis posterior
tibialis anterior
Extensor hallicus longus

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14
Q

Which muscles evert the foot

A

Peroneus longus
peroneus brevis
peroneus tertius

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15
Q

Which muscls toe flex

A

Flexor hallicus longus
Flexor hallicus brevis
flexor digitorum longus
flexor digitorum brevis

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16
Q

Which muscles toe extend

A

Extensor hallicus longus
extensor hallicus brevis
Extensor digitorum longus
extensor digitorum brevis

17
Q

What is the most common ankle injury

A

lateral ankle sprain

18
Q

MOI lateral ankle sprain

A

Excessive supination / inversion (+/-plantarflexion)

19
Q

Signs and symptoms of lateral ankle sprain

A

pain
swelling / +/- ecchymosis
instability

20
Q

Management of lateral ankle sprain (Acute phase)

A

acute phase (24-72 hours)
POLICE (OL dependant on grade of injury
- ankle pumos 10-20 per hours

Crutches (gat retraining) _WBAT

Ottawa akles rules

taping / bracing

21
Q

Management of LAS (repair stage)

A 
Joint mobilizations
passive stretch (gastroc/soleus)
Isometric exercise (as soon as patient can tolerate)
Strengthening 
proprioception
shoe assessment
taping/bracing
22
Q

Management of LAS (remodelling phase) (15-28 days - 3 weeks 60% strength, 3 months 100% strength

A

Begin running / jumping forward and backwards
Incorporation of multidirectional agility drills
progress to jumping sideways
progress to box drills
simulated sport specific exercises

23
Q

Achilles Tendinopathy signs and symptoms

A 
pain 
activity related pain
tendon thickening
pain on palpation
reduced strength
stiffness of the tendon
24
Q

AT management

A

Alfredson Exercise Protocol (Eccentric exercises ) 3 sets x 15 reps twice daily both with knee bnt and straight

25
Q

What does tendinitis refer to

A

inflammation of the tendon

26
Q

What does tendinosis refer to?

A

degeneration of the tendon

27
Q

what does tendinopathy refer to?

A

makes no assumption about the underlying tendon pathology

28
Q

Ligaments of the ankle

A

Saladin

29
Q

Nerves of the ankle

A

Saladin

30
Q

Ottawa ankle rules part 1

A

A series of x-ray films is required only If there is any pain in malleolar zone and any of these findings :

  • Bone tenderness at Posterior edge or tip of lateral malleolus -6cm
  • inability to bear weight both immediately and in emergency department
31
Q

Ottawa ankle rules part 2

A

A series of x-ray films is required only If there is any pain in malleolar zone and any of these findings :
Bone tenderness at base of fifth metatarsal
Bone tenderness at navicular
-inability to bear weight both immediately and in emergency department

32
Q

What is sensitivity

A

Ruling out

33
Q

What is specificity

A

Ruling in

Musculoskeletal Physiotherapy 1 (12 decks)

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