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Sport Injury Assessment > Week 5 > Flashcards

Week 5 Flashcards

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Sports Trivia flashcards
1
Q

What are Muscles?

A

Contractile structures built in hierarchal way

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2
Q

What are the functions of muscles?

A

Maintains posture, stores energy, produced heat, produced movement and changes chemical to mechanical energy

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3
Q

What is a muscle injury?

A

It is damage to the muscle or attaching tendons due to pressure or sudden movements

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4
Q

What is the definition of a grade 1 muscle strain?

A

Tearing of a few muscle fibres with mild pain and minimal loss of strength. Pain is elicited with resisted active contraction and passive stretching. Patient may be able to continue with activity after the injury

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5
Q

What is the defintion of a grade 2 muscle strain?

A

Involve partial tearing of muscle fibres with some strength loss. Significant pain elicited with unopposed active contraction and with passive stretching.

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6
Q

What is the definition of a grade 3 muscle strain?

A

Including tearing of the entire muscle with significant loss of strength

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7
Q

What is a grade 0 on the Pollock grading scale of muscles?

A

Focal neuromuscular injury with normal MRI (generally DOMS)

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8
Q

What is a grade 1 on the Pollock grading scale of muscles?

A

Fascial injury- can extend to up to 10% tear of muscle

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9
Q

What is a grade 2 on the Pollock grading scale of muscles?

A

Tear between 10-50% of cross sectional area (associated with twisting injury)

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10
Q

What is a grade 3 on the Pollock grading scale of muscles?

A

Tear greater than 50% or greater than 5cm

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11
Q

What is a grade 4 on the Pollock grading scale of muscles?

A

Complete tear

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12
Q

What does the suffix of A mean on the Pollock grading scale?

A

Myofascial

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13
Q

What does the suffix of B mean on the Pollock grading scale?

A

Musculotendinous (muscle belly/MTJ)

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14
Q

What does the Suffix of C mean on the Pollock grading scale?

A

Intratendinous

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15
Q

What are the causes of muscle injuries?

A

Excessive tensile/shear force applied causing muscle fibres to fail. The eccentric muscle action most common.

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16
Q

What happens within a the muscle during a muscle injury?

A

Ruptures cell and basal cell membrane damaging surrounding connective tissue and tears blood vessel

17
Q

What are the symptoms of a muscle injury?

A

Pain on active contraction, pain on passive stretching, reduction in strength, decreased ROM and muscle spasm

18
Q

What is the prognosis of a muscle injury?

A

Difficult to diagnose, avoid precise timeframe, soft tissue healing times depend on extent of damage, variable depending on influencing factors.
Muscle strains involving tendons have a longer healing time

19
Q

What is stage 1 management of an acute muscle strain?

A

Reduce pain, swelling, weakness and improve ROM

20
Q

What is stage 2 management of an acute muscle strain?

A

Controlled movements at slow speed- prevent excessive lengthening

21
Q

What is stage 3 management of an acute muscle strain?

A

Prevent excessive scar forming with massage

22
Q

What is stage 4 management of an acute muscle strain?

A

Gradual return to increased speed/amplitude training and eccentric resistance

23
Q

What would the ROM be like during a muscle strain assessment?

A

Active ROM will be painful, passive will be painful due to stretch

24
Q

What will the pain be like during a muscle strain assessment?

A

The more pain, the more fibres torn generally

25
Q

What will the spasms be like during a muscle strain assessment?

A

The more local the strain, the less severe

26
Q

What does it mean if there is a definite mass on palpation?

A

Grade 3/full rupture

27
Q

What does it mean is there is blood tracking?

A

Likely to be a grade 2/3 strain

28
Q

What do the range tests test?

A

muscle strength of the isometric and concentric contractions

29
Q

What doe s the inner range test?

A

strength in muscle at its shortest

30
Q

What does the outer range test?

A

Strength of muscle at its longest

31
Q

What is the definition of the muscle activity of 0 on the oxford grading scale?

A

No contraction

32
Q

What is the definition of the muscle activity of 1 on the oxford grading scale?

A

Flicker but no movement

33
Q

What is the definition of the muscle activity of 2 on the oxford grading scale?

A

Movement with gravity eliminated

34
Q

What is the definition of the muscle activity of 3 on the oxford grading scale?

A

ROM with gravity

35
Q

What is the definition of the muscle activity of 4 on the oxford grading scale?

A

ROM with some resistance and against gravity

36
Q

What is the defintion of the muscle activity of 5 on the oxford grading scale?

A

ROM with full resistance and against gravity

Sport Injury Assessment (8 decks)

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