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Vett 118 > Week 5 > Flashcards

Week 5 Flashcards

1
Q

urea

A

major waste product of protein metabolism

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2
Q

homeostasis

A

stable internal environment with proper balance of water, electrolytes and acids

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3
Q

home/o

A

unchanging

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4
Q

retroperitoneal

A

outside or behind the lining of the abdominal cavity. Where kidneys are located.

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5
Q

cortex

A

outer layer of kidney

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6
Q

medulla

A

inner layer of kidney

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7
Q

nephron

A

functional unit of the kidney

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8
Q

glomerulus

A

part of nephron - cluster of capillaries that filter blood

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9
Q

Bowman’s capsule

A

part of nephron - cup shaped structure that contains glomerulus.

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10
Q

renal corpuscle

A

part of nephron - collective term for glomerulus and Bowman’s capsule together

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11
Q

proximal convoluted tubules

A

part of nephron - hollow tubes located between bowman’s capsule and loops of Henle that are involved in reabsorption

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12
Q

loop of Henle

A

part of nephron - U shaped turn in convoluted tubule located between the proximal and distal convoluted tubules - involved in reabsorption. Has ascending and descending loop.

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13
Q

distal convoluted tubules

A

part of nephron - hollow tubes located between loops of Henle and collecting tubules - involved in secretion

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14
Q

collecting tubules

A

part of nephron - hollow tubes that carry urine from the cortex to the renal pelvis.

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15
Q

glomerul/o

A

to wind into a ball

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16
Q

hilus

A

point of attachment or depression - concave part of kidney

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17
Q

calyx/calix

A

cuplike organ

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18
Q

pyel/o

A

pelvis

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19
Q

renal pelvis

A

area of kidney where nephrons collect urine before entering the ureters.

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20
Q

ureters

A

narrow tubes that carry urine from kidneys to urinary bladder

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21
Q

trigone

A

triangular portion at the base of the urinary bladder where ureters enter.

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22
Q

micturition

A

voluntary controlled urination

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23
Q

urethral meatus

A

external opening of the urethra

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24
Q

turbid

A

cloudy

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25
erythropoietin
hormone produced by kidney that stimulates rbc production in bone marro
26
antidiuretic
hormone released by posterior pituitary gland that suppresses urine formation by reabsorbing more water. Abbreviated ADH.
27
aldosterone
hormone secreted by adrenal cortex that regulates electrolyte balance via reabsorption of sodium
28
cystography
radiographic study of the urinary bladder after contrast material has been placed via catheter.
29
retrograde
going backward
30
intravenous pyelogram
radiographic study of kidney and ureters in which a dye is injected into a vein to define structures more clearly. Abbreviated IVP
31
pneumocystography
radiographic study of the urinary bladder after air has been placed in the bladder via urethral catheter
32
retrograde pyelogram
radiographic study of the kidney and ureters in which contrast material is placed directly in the urinary bladder
33
albuminuria
presence of the major blood protein in urine
34
anuria
complete suppression of urine production
35
bateriuria
presence of bacteria in urine
36
crystalluria
urine with naturally produced angular solid of definitive form (crystals)
37
dysuria
difficult or painful urination
38
glucosuria/glycosuria
glucose in urine
39
hematuria
blood in urine
40
ketonuria
presence of ketones in urine (produced during increased fat metabolism)
41
nocturia
excessive urination at night
42
oliguria
scanty or little urine
43
pollakiuria
frequent urination
44
polyuria
excessive urination
45
pyuria
pus in urine
46
stranguria
slow or painful urination
47
urobilinogen
test used more commonly in human medicine to evaluate liver disease. Less useful in veterinary medicine
48
ketones
found in urine with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. Ketones result when metabolism shifts from carbohydrates to lipids.
49
bilirbin
formed in breakdown process of hemoglobin. Found in urine with liver disease or excessive blood breakdown.
50
Protein in urine
associated with disease of the glomerulus or with inflammation of urinary tract such as bladder infection.
51
blood in urine
caused by bladder infections, stones, tumors, or trauma.
52
pH of urine
influenced by diet or disease. Acidic is typical with meat diet or acidosis. Basic is typical with cereal grain diet, uti's, and alkalosis.
53
azotemia
presence of urea or other nitrogenous elements in the blood
54
lith/o
stone or calculus
55
casts
fibrous or protein materials found in urine with renal disease or other abnormality
56
cystalgia/cystodynia
urinary bladder pain
57
cystitis
inflammation of urinary bladder
58
cystocele
displacement of the urinary bladder through the vaginal wall
59
epispadias
abnormal condition in which the urethra opens on the dorsum of the penis
60
glomerulonephritis
inflammation of the kidney involving the glomeruli
61
hydronephrosis
dilation of the renal pelvis as a result of an obstruction to urine flow
62
hydroureter
distention of the ureter with urine caused by a blockage
63
hypospadias
abnormal condition in which the urethra opens on the ventral surface of the penis
64
interstitial cystitis
inflammation within the wall of the urinary bladder
65
-lithiasis
suffix meaning the presence of stones or calculi
66
nephrectasis
distention of the kidneys
67
-ecstasis
distention or stretching
68
nephrolith
kidney stone
69
mephromalacia
abnormal softening of the kidney
70
nephrosclerosis
abnormal hardening of the kidney
71
prolapse
downard displacement of body organ
72
-ptosis
drooping
73
pyelitis
inflamation of renal pelvis
74
pyelonephritis
inflammation of the renal pelvis and kidney
75
polyuria
elevated urine production
76
polydipsia
excessive thirst/drinking
77
diuresis
elevated excretion of urine
78
uremia
waste products in the blood. seen with many types of kidney disease
79
renal infarction
obstruction of blood flow to the kidneys
80
ureterectasis
distention of the ureter
81
ureterolith
stone in the ureter
82
urethrolithiasis
disorder characterized by the presence of urethral stones
83
urethrostenosis
stricture (abnormal band of tissue narrowing a passage) of the urethra
84
urolith/cystolith
urinary bladder stone
85
cystectomy
surgical removal of all or part of the urinary bladder
86
cystopexy
surgical fixation of the urinary bladder to the abdominal wall
87
cystoplasty
surgical repair of the urinary bladder
88
cystostomy
surgical creation of a new opening between the skin and urinary bladder
89
dialysis
procedure to remove blood waste products when the kidneys are no longer functioning
90
lithotripsy
destruction of stone using ultrasonic waves traveling through water
91
-tripsy
to crush

Vett 118 (10 decks)

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