Week 5

Question 1

hwat is perception

Answer 1

ability to distinguish and identify sensory info to diret and sustain attention to various aspects of environment and lend meaning to thm

Question 2

what 2 theoretical explanations support perception? How?

Answer 2

piaget’s ocgnitive devlpmental view

• children acively search for new info in evironment - action leads to peception
  Ex: grasping an object to realize it is graspable

Gibsons exological thoery
- children actively search for info in evrionemnt
- perception leads to action

Question 3

whats the difference petween piaget cog developmental view and gibsons ecologial thory in terms of eprception

Answer 3

poaget - action leads to eprception
must grasp to realize object is grhapsable

gibson - perception leads to action
vision is for seeing, vision is for graspoing

Question 4

80% of all sensory info is channeled thru the __ sysetm

Answer 4

visual

Question 5

what is perception based on info processing view

Answer 5

senory input - processing in CNS - out put motor resposne

Question 6

what part of eye trasnmit message to brain - where to in brain

Answer 6

optic N - thru thalmus to visual cortex - to other parts of brain for interpretation

Question 7

what do eyes lack at birth? what do eyes not have at all? result of this?

Answer 7

myelination, synaptic connection

no fovea - spatial resolution is poor (wher ecentral visual field formed

Question 8

when is eye of adult developed

Answer 8

1 year old (infancy6)

Question 9

name 4 characteristics of a newborns eye

Answer 9

no fovea , shorter eyeball (Farsightedness), underveloped cornea - diffculty focusing

Question 10

why do newborns have poor spatial resolution

Answer 10

no fovea

Question 11

why. do newborns have diffculty ffocusing

Answer 11

udnerdevleoped cornea

Question 12

what is visual acuit ?

static

dynamic:

Answer 12

clearnedsss of vision + cpacaity to dect smalls timuli and details of large ivsual pater

static: detail in stationary object

dynamic: detail in moving object

Question 13

explain growth of visual acuity, static or sdynamic ffirst?

what happens to dynamic with age

Answer 13

static devleops firts, focus depnds on speed of object

dynamic acuity incrases with age - stabilizes in adolscene to middle adulthod

Question 14

what is object permanence?

Answer 14

objects still exist even when not seen

Question 15

when does object permanence emerge?

Answer 15

about a year old (infancy)

Question 16

what challenges onject permamence in later ingany

Answer 16

invisbile displacement - object moved without diretly seen

Question 17

where would child searh for object when objec tpermance first ememrges/

what about when its imrpoved

Answer 17

first found it

last saw it

Question 18

what is A not be error.

what are some possible reasons

Answer 18

occurs aroudn 1 - infant stuckse arch for where they first foudn oject rther than lst saw

• coneptial error: gen belie
• inhibtion hypoth
• memory explanation
• attention hypoth

Question 19

what are some psosibel reasons for A not B error?

Answer 19

Conceptual error: Genuinely believe object is in A

• Inhibition hypothesis: Can’t inhibit previously successful searches
• Memory explanation: Tendency to repeat previous motor actions
• Attention hypothesis: Weren’t paying enough attention to B location

Question 20

what is spatial orientation?

Answer 20

recognize objects orientaiton or position in 3D space

Question 21

what happens at 3/4 year (in early childhood) in terms of spatial orienttion

Answer 21

understand dualism (up/down, high low, front back

Question 22

when is spatial oritentation mainly developed

Answer 22

8 years (lateer childhood)

Question 23

what is figure gorund perception

Answer 23

ability to distinghish object from surroundgin background

Question 24

when does figure ground perception improves

Answer 24

early and later childhood

Question 25

what is depth perception

Answer 25

ability to judge distance of object from self absolute = precise space from perston to object relative - estimation between obejct and oanother or differnt parts of object

Question 26

what is the difference between absolute and relatie dpeth eprcep

Answer 26

Absolute distance: precise judgment of the space from the person to an object * Relative distance: Estimation of distance between one object and another or between different parts of a single object

Question 27

depth perception i s present at birth true or false

Answer 27

fale - 6 mntjs

Question 28

what is diff ebtween monofular cue + accomodation binocular cue + accomdation

Answer 28

monoculat - one eye info accom: lens change shape binocular - two eye info accod - eyes move inward to focuse

Question 29

xplain how kinesthetic perception is related to motor skill development

Answer 29

orms the foundation of motor skill development by providing the sensory feedback that enables individuals to refine, adjust, and perfect their movements, ultimately leading to improved control, coordination, a also depth perception derived from kinesthetic reecptors (proprioceptors in msucles and joints)

Question 30

when is field of vision fully delope

Answer 30

early childhood NOT infancy

Question 31

whend oes saccadic eye movement develop

Answer 31

infancy

Question 32

what is concident timing and when does it develo

Answer 32

coordinate visual and motor behaviout to single point - dvelp 6-12 (laterchildhood

Question 33

what is kinesthesis

Answer 33

Our sense of body position or body movement. - Takes information from internal environment – the muscles, tendons, joints, and the vestibular (balance) - In contrast to visual, auditory, and tactile perception, which takes input from outside of the body.

Question 34

what 2 structures kinesthetic

Answer 34

cutatnous repetor +priorecpetors

Question 35

what is kinesthetic discitmation acuity when mature

Answer 35

propriocetptiel detect diference or match quantites liek lcoation, speed, distance, height, accelation - mature in later childhood

Question 36

what is kinethetic memeory ?

Answer 36

when sitm removed after rpesention - mature in later childhood

Question 37

what develops first kinestheric memory or kinsethtic disctim acuity

Answer 37

kinsthetic dscirmavutiy first

Question 38

what is body awareness and when is ti fully developed

Answer 38

knwoing aprts of body wher theya are, can an cant do - earlychhood - major parts

Question 39

what is spatial awareness

Answer 39

Drawing inferences in relationship to seld-space or position and object recognition

Question 40

what is diff between egocentric localiztino and allocentric

Answer 40

egocentrc - ability to locte object in reg to self -allo: ability to locate using somthing other than self

Question 41

what forms first egocentric or allocentric lcoalzition. Whar are these related to and when abt are they devleoped

Answer 41

egocentric first - relation to self - spatial awrenes in infancy

Question 42

when is laterality direcional awareness devlope. what is laterality>

Answer 42

later childhood - awareness tha body ahs. 2 sides

Question 43

what is devleoped first laterality or directionltiy

Answer 43

laterality si dev first

Question 44

what is vesibualr awareness?

Answer 44

ability to establish and maintain equilibrium (balance) - psotural, staic + dynmamic

Question 45

when dos most adultlike balance happen

Answer 45

adolscence (after 12)

Question 46

what is rhythmc temporal awreness

Answer 46

areness Rhythmic awareness: Creating or maintaining a temporal pattern within a set of movements Examples: Keeping time in music, tapping hands or feet, reproducing patterns from memory, etc.

Question 47

when does rhytmic tetmporl awreness becom more accure

Answer 47

childhood to adulthood

Question 48

similar to. concident timing younger children find __ temois easier than ___

Answer 48

fast easier than slow, concident time - fast pitch rathe than slow

Question 49

what is auditory eprception

Answer 49

bility to detect, discriminate, associate, and interpret auditory stimul

Question 49

what is auditory lcoatliation?

Answer 49

detect where sound coming from

Question 50

whats auditory dsucrimaiton

Answer 50

diffence between soudns

Question 51

Auditory figure-ground perception:

Answer 51

selctively hear

Question 52

how do newborns repsond to pitches

Answer 52

low = calm - high = stress

Question 53

can newborns tell duration

Answer 53

yes

Question 54

when is mastery of bsaic auditory skills and can localize direciton of sounds

Answer 54

childhood to adoleence - sdiscitmta soudns better + mature audio skills

Question 55

what is tactile perception

Answer 55

Tactile perception: To detect and interpret sensory information cutaneously (of or on skin

Question 56

maturity of tacitile perception?

Answer 56

later childhood

Question 57

what devleops first, tactile or visual object rcognition

Answer 57

tactile - hto cold, sharp

Question 58

what is intermodal eprception

Answer 58

translate/perceive info form one sensory modality to another - Touching an object while blindfolded then recognizing the object while seeing it

Question 59

hwo is biek riding perceptual integraiton

Answer 59

Vestibular (balance) on a bike, visual sense to maintain control and direction, proprioceptive (pedaling and steering

Question 60

how is msucia insturment perceptual integration

Answer 60

ntegrate auditory feedback, visual cues (reading sheet music), proprioceptive for precise hand movements, tactile for touching the right parts

Question 61

when is visual kinsetihetic integrtion fully mature

Answer 61

later childhood

Question 62

when can individual link visua and auditoy stimuli - when does it improve till

Answer 62

from infancy to late hildhood

Question 63

when is auddiotry kinesthetic interhation present

Answer 63

early childhood

Question 64

kinethetic perception allows...

Answer 64

o discriminate positions and movements of the body based on information from our sensory receptors

Question 65

advanced agin brings on regressions in ))), ___< to___ anf ____.

Answer 65

vision, audition ,touch sensitivity balance

Question 66

do infanct have percption skills - what does depend on in infit

Answer 66

yes - evelopmental levle, past experienve, presnet need, cogntiive awareness

Question 67

how can somatosensory kinsethetic perception hanfe with age vesitbular?

Answer 67

decrease touch sensitibity dcerease balance

Question 68

what is presbycusos

Answer 68

Gradual hearing loss with age

Question 69

what tones are hardrer to hear with age

Answer 69

ghgih freq

Question 70

what are some visual pereception declines

Answer 70

loss of visual acuitsm clsoe vision - presbyopia, light sentitivty low depth pereption