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Lifespan physical and motor dvlpmnt > week 3 > Flashcards

week 3 Flashcards

1
Q

infancy is when ___ growth occurs (speed) wheras childhood ___ growth occues

A

rapid

steady conssitent

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2
Q

when does growth sprut occur

A

adolescence

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3
Q

waht is physical anthrpology?

A

rovides information and scientific procedures related
to the study of biological growth and development

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4
Q

what is antopometry?

A

branch of science conerned with growth and body emasuremnt

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5
Q

what are the 3 periods part of prenatal devlopemtn?

A

germianl period
embryonic
fetal

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6
Q

waht happens during germinal preiod of prenatlal lpmnt

A

conception
cell dicision + implantaion

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7
Q

what happens during embryonic period of prenatal devlopment?

A

organs form, midrabin,
foudnation. for motor ksils + cognitive development
teratogen exposue lead to disorders

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8
Q

what happens in fetal perod?

A

gwoeth + maturation of organs/tissues

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9
Q

wat period baby most sneistive to tetatogens?

A

prenatal - embryonic

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10
Q

what are some internal influences of prenatal devleopmetn?

A

maternal age
nurition
maternal stress
genetic abnormalities

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11
Q

en is optimal time to have baby

A

22-29

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12
Q

what can maternal stress do to child?

A

delay mtoor development - blood flow

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13
Q

what are some extenrl influences ot prenatal devleopment

A

infeciton/disea, smokine,alc, drugs

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14
Q

what does syphylis + hIV do prenattlay?

A

atatck NS + motor delays

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15
Q

what does fetal alc syndrom d0?

A

mtoor delays - hard to cayhc up on motor mielstones

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16
Q

waht is low birthw eigh classified as? is it automatically basd?

A

less than 5lbs (2.5kg). No can sill catch up - mtoor dysfunciton + delay risl

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17
Q

what is the bodys control cenre (esp in terms of hormonela control)

A

hypothalamus

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18
Q

how is pit glasn involve din hromone control

A
  • master galnd - recieves signals from hypothal and relases hromones
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19
Q

waht 3 glands are key in hormonal control of growth?

A

conads( testes and aovaries)
thryroid - thryoxine supp growth
adrenal galnds - androgens - msucle and bone developemt

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20
Q

waht do adrenal glandsd do + secete?

A

Produce androgens, supporting muscle and
bone development.

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21
Q

what does thryoid secreteo/do?

A

thryroxine -

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22
Q

what does testosterone do?

A

uilds muscle
* Strengthens bones
* Closes growth plates

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23
Q

what does esteogen do?

A

Growth spurt
* Bone development
* Tells body to store fat
* Closes growth plates earlier than boys

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24
Q

does testosterone or estogen close growth plates earlier?

A

estrogen - clsoes earlier in girls?

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25
do girls or boys growth plates clsoe earlier?
girls
26
growthhromone therapy perscribed for ____ standrd deeiation below mean height
2-2.5
27
head size t bith is __ in prpotant to taotal heigh than in totalhoood legs are ___
geater atbrith - as wide as hsoudlers an hips less
28
what do the change sin head size matter? 2 reaosn
asses typical brain growth - spot hydeocephalus - fluid buildup in brain implicate motor skills and movement. - large head affect ability to balance
29
what is shoudler width called - what is hip width called -
baicromial breadth bicristal breadth
30
at birth what is biacromial and bicristal relationship
biacromial = bicristal
31
in late childhood how do boy and girls hsoudler and hips compare?
theres not much of a differnce - till puberty
32
why might girls be better at dance as opposed to boys beter at baseball
cause they have wider hipds, roudner lwoer body - allows better stability = balance triangular upper body - arm throwing
33
how do legs grow in comaprison to trunk ocer life
legs grow faseer than trunk
34
in early child hood how do trunk an legs relate in terms of siting heigh to toal heigh
sittin gheihg is 60/70% totaly heihg - trunk larger than legs - into adulthood 50%
35
what is the differnce betwene boys and girl in sitting heith/total heihg or tinmk/legs ratio
low ratio for girl at 12/13 boysa later - 15
36
what is ectomorph, mesomorph and endomorph?
ecto - lean thin meso - msuuclarit, balnced endo - softer roudnre
37
waht perido of growth is charactezied by themost rapid physical changes?
prenatal period
38
waht does the term velocity curve reefe to in growths tudies
rate of growth over time
39
what is age of viability in prenatal period
point weher fetus can survive out of room on its own
40
when does most rapid gowth in heigh occut
conception to infancy
41
gril start growing in heigh ___ than boy
eralier
42
height stays steady until __ yrs
30 - then los ehigh as we age
43
bone groewth starts at onset of ___ cells and starts in ___
mesoder, starts in jaw/collarbone - then arms legs (6 weeks)
44
before birth how do bones grow vs after
before - centre out after- grow at ends (mdoeling resorption
45
in skeltal growth maturity si dfined when ____ and
epiphyseal plate closes
46
female bones hvae matured more than males a t brtih. ture or false
true more advanced ekelstal maturity at birth
47
in conception to birth we rapidl grow inlast ___ months
last 2 moths
48
at age one we should e about ____ weight
3x
49
in childhood we should be aout -__ asdult weight
1/2
50
girls rapidly gaon weight in ____ earlier or alte than boys?
adolescense - earlier
51
in adulthood we are ___ weight htan at birht
20x
52
what is underwigh BMI? overweight obese?
<19 >25 >30 >4 0 -exteme
53
what are consequences of anorexia nervose
boen loass - bone density lower than 2%%
54
bones are finished by ___
3 months - cartilage into bones
55
when does body fat growthbegin (phse)
preantal
56
what is the main sex diffence in body fat?
bosy body fat growth slows down wehreas girls continue to gain thru puberty
57
what is body fat mostly influenced by?
genetics
58
what is differene betwene hyeprplasia nd hyeprotphy
hyperplasia - incrase in cell numebr - hyeprotphy is incrase in cell size
59
from birth to childhood how does growth in type I an dII fibres change?
mostly type I grow, some type II
60
by adulthood what is the ratio of growtin type I and II fibes>what baou before?
adulthood 50:50 ratio brith to childhoof more type I
61
by __ years our msucles ar e50% of adult size?
50%
62
weight increase ___ in middle adulthood - but older adulthood it__
increase steadily - decreases
63
males store fat ___ and females ___
faat in belly vs fat in hips, thighs, breasts
64
in advanced aging heihgt __ weight ___ lean body mass
inctases icnrases than decreases decreases
65
what is an idncator of secual age. in females?
mentruation
66
cartilalge turns to ___ thru ___
boens - ossifiation
67
4 types of age to estiamte maturity?
morphological, dental, secual skeletal
68
differnce betwen ealry and late marures shwo up in__
adolescense
69
late maturers cathcy up toe alry in___
adolesence
70
what are some advantages of early maturation ?
raller - moerr liely tobe class leader/presidnt excel in sports
71
advantages of alte maturation
develop findamentals without grwoth pains, body changing whiel delveoping ksills
72
comapred to prev. genreations we grown and mature ____
faster - better health, nutrition + conditions
73
what are the engative secular trends in grwoth/,maturity?
phydscail activiy has fropped and mroe body fat than prev. generations
74
in psotnatl deelopmemnt nutirtion is important bc
otherwise underntutiion can lead to stunted grwoth/lack of energvy overntirtion can increase obesity risk
75
how does breast milk imapct growyh
antibodies help babies resit infection reduced risk fo r overweight and delayed motor dvlpmnt
76
PA has eggect ons tature, body poprostion, skeltal maturation phsyical and secual maturation
fa;se - no effect
77
what is PA linked to and nto in terms of growth
linked to: bodyw eight refualtion bone mass/developement msucular developemtn in adults and pubery children (less in odler) physiologiacl reuglation incrase motor skilld devlopemtn
78
aging resultsin loss of what three things relatd to growth
stature (height, bone mass, body mass
79
___ and ___ play significant roles in physcial growth
nutrition and growth

Lifespan physical and motor dvlpmnt (8 decks)

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