Week 4: Social and Behavioural Determinants of PA

Question 1

Define Health & health status?

Answer 1

Health is a foundation and indicator of an economically propserous and socially harmonious society

Heath status is determined by the conditions we are born, live, grow and age.

Question 2

Difference between Social determinants of Health and Social Determinants of PA

Answer 2

Social Determinants of PA
- Influence a persons engagement with PA or exercise
- Impact on the level of Physical movement and fitness a person incorporates into their daily life

Social determinants of Health
- A broader range of factors that can impact on overall health and well-being
e.g. physical, mental and emotional health –> impact a persons risk of diseases or access to healthcare

Question 3

What are some risks associated with having a lower socioeconomic position (SEP)?

Answer 3

• More likely to smoke
• Follow an unhealthy diet
• Be physically inactive
• Less likely to consume heavy amounts of alcohol

Shows an overall trend of increased mortality rates

Question 4

What are some Social Determinants of PA?

Answer 4

1. Socioeconomic status
2. Social support
3. Neighbourhood/ built enviornment
4. Cultural and social norms
5. Access to facilities
6. Work/school environment
7. Transportation (access to active transport)
8. Media and advertising
9. Gender / Age
10. Policy & Legislation - Gov policies related to urban planning / education

Question 5

What is the common trend between education and mortality?

Answer 5

(SOURCE AIHW)
from lecture Shows a strong link between better education and better health, Mortality rates

my interpretation –> lower mortality rates as educational level increases

Question 6

What is the trend between SES and health?

Answer 6

Lower SES people have:
- Greater risk of poor health
- Higher rates of illness
- High rates of disability
- Greater mortality
- unemployment or poor job security

Question 7

Define behavioural determinants

Answer 7

The reasons for adopting or resisting behaviour change or facilitation –> These barriers or facilitators

Question 8

What are the behvourial determinants?

Answer 8

• Life events (e.g. pregnancy or retirement)
• Habits (e.g. smoking or alcohol consumption)
  -Available mobility (e.g. active school transport)
• Sedentary behaviors (e.g., TV viewing and
  video/computer game use)
• Available mobility (e.g., active school transport
  and independent mobility)

Question 9

What are some policy determinants of PA?

Answer 9

1.SES
2. PA related to home policies (e.g. rules for tv watching)
2. PA program involvement in school
3. School type
4. Teacher education
5. Work Hours
6. Inflexible work environment
7. Street-scale urban design
8. Transportation and travel policies
9. Program availability at church/community
10. Mass media campaigns

Question 10

Trends for Policy determinants of PA for children, adults and population level

Answer 10

Children
- Clear + association between time spent outdoors and PA

Adults
- Working hours negative association with PA

Population
- Community and street scale urban design / Land use policies positively support PA levels