week 4 quiz Flashcards
Name the components of brainstem from rostral to caudal
midbrain-pons-medulla
functions: overall vegetative functions.
what are the regions of the brainstem?
tectum-colliculi (Midbrain)
tegmentum-reticular formation-regulates arousal
basis-descending motor tracts
what is involved in the ventral midbrain?
motor tracts that relay info from the cerebrum to spinal cord and cerebral peduncles
what are the levels of the medulla?
rostral
middle-level of sensory decussation caudal-level of motor decussation
what is involved in the dorsal midbrain?
reflex behaviors related to vision and audition
superior colliculli-vision
inferior colliculi-audition
what cranial nerve is located on the inferior frontal lobe?
olfactory CNI
what cranial nerve is located on the diencephalon?
optic CNII
what cranial nerves are located on the midbrain?
CNIII oculomotor-anterior
CNIV-trochlear-posterior
what cranial nerves are located on the pons/medulla junction?
CNVI-abducens, CNVII-facial, CNVIII-vestibulocochlear
What cranial nerves are located on the pons?
trigeminal CNV
What cranial nerves are located on the medulla?
CNIX glossopharyngeal, CNX vagus, CNXI-spinal accessory, CNXII-hypoglossal
What cranial nerves are sensory only?
CN I,II,VIII
What cranial nerves are motor only?
CN III, IV, VI, XI, XII
Where are cell bodies of motor neurons for spinal nerves/cranial nerves located?
Lower motor neurons of spinal nerves are located in spinal cord anterior horn
Lower motor neurons of cranial nerves are located in brainstem nucleii
what cranial nerves are mixed?
CN V, VII, IX, X
Where are the cell bodies of sensory neurons for spinal nerves/cranial nerves located?
Cell bodies of sensory neurons of spinal nerves are located in dorsal root ganglia
Cell bodies of sensory cranial nerves are located in brainstem ganglia, except for sensory fibers of trigeminal nerve.
Which cranial nerves have autonomic parasympathetic functions?
CN III, VII, IX, X
Which cranial nerves are involved in speaking?
CN V, VII, IX, X, XII
Which cranial nerves are involved in swallowing?
CN V, VII, IX, X, XII
What are the distinguishing features that cue you to identify the sections? caudal medulla
Caudal medulla has the crossing fibers (pyramidal decussation) of corticospinal tracts.
What are the distinguishing features that orient you to the level of this section? rostral medulla
Appearance of the olives on lateral medulla and caudal portion of 4th ventricle
What are the distinguishing features of this level? mid pons
Cerebellar peduncles are clearly seen as are the descending fibers of corticospinal fascicles and crossing fibers to cerebellum.
What are the distinguishing features of this level? midbrain
Cerebral peducles, substantia nigra, red nuclei, cerebral aqueduct, periaqueductal gray and colliculi.
