lecture quiz 2

Question 1

What is huntington’s disease?

Answer 1

progressive, genetic condition of CNS. Neurons in the brain (UMN) degenerate-basal ganglia
life expectancy 15-20 yrs after diagnosis

Question 2

Movement symptoms of huntingtons

Answer 2

clumsiness, figety, tics, dystonic postures, bradykinesia, rigidity, decreased ambulation, decreased speak/swallow
impaired eye movements

Question 3

cognitive symptoms of huntingtons

Answer 3

decreased concentration,memory,impaired executive functioning, dementia
Can produce delusions, psychosis, depression/anxiety
NO CURE

Question 4

What is dystonia?

Answer 4

co-contraction of agonist and antagonist muscles causing abnormal and distorted positions of limbs/trunk/face or other body parts
common, can be primary or secondary

Question 5

Causes of primary dystonia

Answer 5

Basal ganglia dysfunction, gene deletion, dopa-responsive dystonia (childhood onset)

Question 6

treatment of dystonia

Answer 6

anticholinergic medications which block acetylcholine
Botulinum toxin (Botox)

Question 7

Cerebelllar artery infarct/hemorrhage

Answer 7

Vertigo/nausea/vomiting/nystagmus/limb ataxia
High blood pressure/arteriovenous malformation

Question 8

What is ataxia?

Answer 8

irregular and uncooordinated movements ipsilaerally
midline cerebellum lesion-truncal ataxia/eye movement difficulies/vertigo
lateral lesion-appendicular ataxia

Question 9

Description of ataxia

Answer 9

irregular, wavering
overshooting, overcorrecting then overshooting around intended target
dysrythmia-abnormal timing
dysmetria-decreased control of dostance, ROM

Question 10

Types of stroke

Answer 10

thrombosis-blockage usually caused by blood clot
embolism-blockage caused by a clot from another part of body
blockages can be small in nature

Question 11

What is MCA syndrome for stroke?

Answer 11

Middle cerebral artery
most common/aphasia/face and arm or arm and leg sensorimotor loss
gaze preference towards side of lesion

Question 12

what is PCA for stroke?

Answer 12

posterior cerebral artery
visual field deficits
contralateral sensory loss
contralateral hemiparesis
aphasia

Question 13

What is ACA for stroke?

Answer 13

sensory loss
affects contralateral leg more than amr/face
hemiparesis
motor aphasia
alien hand syndrome

Question 14

sensory impairments from stroke

Answer 14

decreased tactile sensation
paresthesia
hemianopsia

Question 14

motor impairments caused by stroke

Answer 14

weakness or paralysis of opposite side of body opposite to brain damage
ataxia/apraxia
spasticity
contractus
dysphasia

Question 15

what is brocas aphasia?

Answer 15

labored speech, slow and difficult to understand, difficulty with oral expression

Question 16

what is wernickes aphasia?

Answer 16

effortless speech but incoherent word usage, unaware of deficits

Question 17

what is a closed head injury?

Answer 17

car accident/baseball bat
cause by impact
secondary phase of damage comes from swelling or hematoma

Question 18

what is an open head injury?

Answer 18

skull is fractured, pushes bone, hair, skin, other fragments into head to damage brain

Question 19

what is blast injury?

Answer 19

caused by blast wave
flying debris

Question 20

how to classify TBI injury?

Answer 20

Mid: glascow 13 or higher
concussion
Moderate: Glasgow 9-12
loss of consciousness confused/disoriented
Severe: Glasgow 8 or lesss
coma/vegetative state