week 4- pharmocokinetics- nordgren (things to remember)

Question 1

filtration
passive diffusion
active transport
endocytosis
facilitated diffusion

Answer 1

1) driving force = hydrostatic/osmotic pressure difference ; FICKS
2) can’t be saturated; driving force= electrochemical gradient; ion trapping
3) requires nrg; can be saturated
4) invagination of membrane; selective and nonselective
5) use carrier proteins; down [ ] gradient; selective

Question 2

2 major carrier mediated drug transport mechanisms

Answer 2

ABC-active transport; p-glycoprotein (tumor stuff)

SLC- facilitated and active transport (hitch hikers) (serotonin and dopamine)

Question 3

how do acids and bases need to be to get into the membrane

Answer 3

acids- with a proton

bases- naked

Question 4

advantages/disadvantages of oral administration

Answer 4

A- easiest to self-administor
cheapest to make
safest to administer
good patient compliance

D-can be destroyed by stomach pH or enzymes
fast pass metabolism
highly variable absorption rate

Question 5

Fick equation-only in passive diffusion

Answer 5

FLUX = DAK (Cout-Cin)/ΔX
[ ] = concentration gradient
D= diffusion of drug within membrane
K= measure of lipid solubility
A= surface area
X= membrane thickness

P= DAK/ΔX
so…. flux = P(Cout-Cin)