Week 4- Mechanisms that produce change in population

Question 1

It is a theory in biology postulating that the various types of plants, animals, and other living things on Earth have their origin in other preexisting types and that the distinguishable differences are due to modifications in successive generations.

Answer 1

Evolution

Question 2

The change in the genetic variance of a population of species over time.

Answer 2

Evolution

Question 3

states that organisms have grown and developed from past organisms.

Answer 3

Theory of Evolution

Question 4

An ancestor shared by two or more descendant species

Answer 4

Common ancestor

Question 5

Difference between traits in individuals of the same species.

Answer 5

Variation

Question 6

A trait that improves an organism’s ability to survive and reproduce in an environment.

Answer 6

Adaptation

Question 7

The ability of an organism to survive and reproduce.

Answer 7

Fitness

Question 8

Mechanisms of Evolution

Answer 8

Natural Selection
Mutation
Genetic Drift
Gene Flow
Recombination

Question 9

Natural Selection can only take place if there is _________ in a population. Importantly, these differences must have some ________; otherwise, selection will not lead to a change in the next generation.

Answer 9

variation among individuals, genetic basis

Question 10

is a source of new alleles in a population and is a change in the DNA sequence of the gene

Answer 10

Mutation

Question 11

Outcomes of Natural Selection

Answer 11

The characteristics of organisms are inherited or passed from parent to offspring.

More offspring are produced than are able to survive; resources for survival and reproduction are limited.

Offspring vary among each other in regard to their characteristics and those variations are inherited.

Question 12

Outcomes of Mutation on organism’s phenotype

Answer 12

A mutation may affect its likelihood of survival, giving fewer offspring.

A mutation may give a phenotype with a beneficial effect on survival.

Many mutations, called neutral mutations, will have no effect on survival.

Question 13

is the drifting of the frequency of an allele relative to that of the other alleles in a population over time as a result of a chance or random event.

Answer 13

Genetic Drift

Question 14

is the flow of alleles in and out of a population resulting from the migration of individuals.

Answer 14

Gene Flow

Question 15

it occurs during meiosis when chromosomes exchange genes. This process ultimately leads to the formation of unique gametes with chromosomes that are different from those in their parents.

Answer 15

Recombination