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anatomy > week 4 - liver, stomach, pancreas, spleen > Flashcards

week 4 - liver, stomach, pancreas, spleen Flashcards

1
Q

location of liver in the abdomen

A

right hypochondrium and episode gastric, extends into the left hypochondriac

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2
Q

function of the liver

A

filter blood coming from the digestive tract, before passing it to rest of body
detoxifies chemicals, metabolises drugs
secretes bile that goes to intestines

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3
Q

two vessels that provide blood supply to the liver

A

hepatic portal vein and hepatic artery proper

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4
Q

what does the Hepatic portal vein supply

A

Nutrient rich blood from the GI tract to the liver

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5
Q

two surfaces of the liver

A

diaphragmatic surface

visceral surface

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6
Q

location of the diaphragmatic surface of the liver

A

it is the antereosuperior surface
smooth and convex between the diaphragm
posterior aspect not covered by peritoneum

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7
Q

what surface of the liver is not covered by the visceral peritoneum

A

the bare area

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8
Q

parts of the visceral surface not covered by peritoneum

A

fossa of the gall bladder and the aorta hepatic

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9
Q

what is the falciform ligament

A

attaches the anterior surface of the liver to the anterior abdominal fall and forms natural anatomical division between the right and left lobes of the liver

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10
Q

what do the free edges of the falciform ligament contain

A

the ligamentum teres

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11
Q

what is the ligamentum teres

A

a remnant of the umbilical vein

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12
Q

function of the coronary ligament

A

attaches the superior surface of the liver to the inferior surface of the diaphragm

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13
Q

what does the coronary ligament demarcate

A

the bare area of the liver

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14
Q

what do the anterior and posterior folds of the coronary ligament unite to form

A

the triangular ligaments on the right and left lobes of the liver

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15
Q

what does the left triangular ligament attach

A

the left lobe of the liver to the diaphragm

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16
Q

what does the right triangular ligament attach

A

right lobe of the liver to the diaphragm

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17
Q

what does the lesser momentum attach

A

attaches the liver to the lesser curvature of the stomach and the first part of the duodenum

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18
Q

what does the lesser momentum consist of

A

hepatoduodenal ligament

hepatogastric ligament

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19
Q

what surrounds the portal triad

A

hepatoduodenal ligament

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20
Q

what are the 4 lobes of the liver

A

left
right
caudate
quadrate

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21
Q

what are the accessory lobes of the liver and where to they arise from

A

caudate and quadrate

arise from the right lobe, located on visceral surface

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22
Q

caudate lobe of liver

A

located on upper aspect of the visceral surface

lies between the IVC and a fossa produced by the ligamentum venosum

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23
Q

quadrate lobe of liver

A

located on the lower select of the visceral surface

lies between the gall bladder and a fossa produced by the ligamentum teres

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24
Q

what separates the caudate and quadrate lobes

A

the porta hepatis

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25
Q

function of the aorta hepatis

A

transmits all the vessels, nerves and ducts entering or leaving the liver with the exception of the hepatic veins.

26
Q

cells of the liver

A

hepatocytes arranged into lobules

27
Q

shape of lobules

A

hexagonal

28
Q

3 structures at periphery of the hexagon

A

portal triad:

  • arteriole - branch of the hepatic artery entering the liver
  • venue - branch of the hepatic portal vein entering the liver
  • bile duct - branch of the bile duct leaving the liver
29
Q

what runs through the centre of the hexagons

A

interlobular vein (the hepatic vein)

30
Q

what nerve runs through the portal triad

A

vagus nerve

31
Q

gall bladder

A

stores and concentrates bile
reservoir for bile
pear shaped organ
dark green in colour

32
Q

cystic duct

A

short duct that joins the gall bladder to the common bile duct
lies next to cystic artery

33
Q

what is the cardia

A

region where the oesophagus connects to the stomach

closest region to the heart

34
Q

what is the fundus

A

projects upwards from cardia

forms bulge above level of opening of the oesophagus

35
Q

what does the body of the stomach contain

A

Rugae - increases surface area

aids in churning and breakdown of food

36
Q

what is the antrum

A

wider part of the pylorus
narrower part of stomach
proximal to the pyloric canal

37
Q

pyloric sphincter

A

smooth band of muscle at junction between the pylorus and duodenum
seen as gap in barium proximal

38
Q

location of right gastric artery

A

lesser curvature of stomach, side of stomach where pylorus connects to the duodenum
branches form common hepatic

39
Q

left gastric artery

A

arises from the celiac artery

anastomoses with the right gastric artery along the lesser curvature

40
Q

right gastro-epiploic artery

A

blood vessels found in abdomen + stomach
last section of the gasproduodenal artery
runs along greater curvature of stomach

41
Q

left gastro-epiploic artery

A

extension of the splenic artery

anastomoses with the right gastroepiploic

42
Q

Rugae

A

series of ridges, on internal walls of stomach mainly in the body
aids in churning and digestion of food

43
Q

at what level does the oesophagus pierce the diaphragm

A

T10

44
Q

location of the pancreas

A

posterior abdominal wall behind the stomach

45
Q

5 parts of the pancreas

A 
head
ucinate process
neck
body
tail
46
Q

head of pancreas

A

widest part - lies within C-shaped curve of duodenum connected by connective tissue

47
Q

ucinate process

A

projection arising from lower part of head and extends medially to beneath body of pancreas
lies posterior to superior mesenteric vessels

48
Q

body of pancreas

A

crosses abdominal aorta and kidney

supplied by splenic artery, drained by splenic vein

49
Q

tail of pancreas

A

supplied bu splenic artery

lies close within proximity of hilum of the spleen

50
Q

pancreas in relation in to IVC and aorta

A

aorta runs behind pancreas

IVC related to posterior surface

51
Q

what is the coeliac trunk and where does it supply

A 
1st major branch of the aorta
supplies blood to the:
stomach
spleen
liver
oesophagus
pancreas
duodenum
52
Q

common hepatic artery

A

branch off coeliac trunk

splits into right proper hepatic, right gastric and right gastroduodenal

53
Q

splenic artery

A

splits into 3:
short gastric - stomach
left gastroepiploic - greater curvature of stomach
splenic - spleen and pancreas

54
Q

splenic vein

A

drains blood from the spleen, stomach fungus and pancreas

55
Q

pancreatic duct

A

joins the bile duct - hepatopancreatic ampulla of water. opens at the duodenal papilla

56
Q

common bile duct

A

small tube like, formed where common hepatic and cystic ducts meet. carriers bile from gallbladder to duodenum

57
Q

hernia

A

profusion of fissure thought defect in abdominal wall

58
Q

where does the inferior mesenteric vein terminate

A

terminates when reaches splenic vein.

59
Q

hilum of spleen

A

relate to tail of pancreas, spleen vessels and lymph nodes

60
Q

splenic nodules

A

non-cancerous lesions in spleen. Benign nodules o f clotted blood

anatomy (5 decks)

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