week 4 Lesson 1- Cardiac Flashcards
What is the structure of the pericardium
Fibrous and tough outer layer of the heart
Double layer
Inside the layer there is fluid which prevents friction on organs when the heart beats
What is the function of the inferior Vena cava
Blood from the lower body to the heart DEOXYGENATED TO RA
What is the function of the superior Vena cava
Collects blood from upper body E.g. head to the heart DEOXYGENATED TO RA
Where does the blood go in the heart from the pulmonary veins
To the LA
what is the function of pulmonary veins
Oxygenated blood from the lungs pumped to LA , blood to move around the body
Once the blood leaves the LV where does it go
Through the AORTA then around the body
Which contains higher pressure, arteries or veins and why
Arteries. Take blood away from the heart to pump it around the body
Which side is thicker in the heart
Left
What is the function of the papillary muscles
Pull down on tendons which hold/ close valves open/closed
Where is the semi lunar valve located
Before pulmonary artery after the Right side
How many parts are in the tri and bicuspid valves
Tri-3
Bi-2
What is different from AV valves and semi lunar valves
Semi lunar valves don’t have any attachments which AV valves do- tendons with capillary muscles attached
Name all the valves and their type of valves
AV VALVES- bicuspid and tricuspid valve
SEMI LUNAR- pulmonary valve and aortic valve
What is the function of valves
To prevent the back flow of blood
Name the order of the right side of the heart
Superior vena cava
RA
tricuspid valve
RV
Pulmonary valve
Pulmonary artery
Lungs
Name the order of the left side of the heart
pulmonary veins
LA
bicuspid valve
LV
aortic valve
Aorta
Body
How does blood enter coronary arteries
Via coronary osteom (seen in aorta)
From the aorta coronary ostium, what is the blood like, how does this relate to its function
High pressure
Oxygenated
Blood can circulate around coronary arteries
At rest, how much o2 unbind from bloodu in cardiac muscle
75%
In exercise, oxygen demand can only be met by increased bloody flow and not increased extraction
How can we increase blood flow
Via vasodialation- lumen dialatea to allow more blood to flow
What increase when vasoconstriction accurs
Pressure increases
Blood flow decreases - pressure stips blood flow
Why is vasodialation good
Why is constriction sometimes bad
Allows more blood to flow so more oxygen to bind to working muscles
- reduce blood flow