Week 4 - Dietary Guidelines and Australian Health Surveys

Question 1

Australian Dietary Guidelines

Answer 1

• Make recommendations based inly on whole foods rather than recommendations related to nutrients
• Contains recommendations for different stages of the lifespan
• Aim to promote health and wellbeing
• Reduce risk of diet related diseases (high cholesterol, high BP, obesity, Type 2 diabetes, CVD, cancers)
• Are for use by policy makers, educators, food manufacturers, health professionals, food retailers and researchers
• Encourage people to eat healthier diets
• Improves quality of life and ensures adequate growth in children and adolescents
• Developed using the latest evidence and expert opinions
• Intended for healthy people

Question 2

Challenges of ADG’s

Answer 2

• Effects are observed mainly on animals, and sometimes humans
• Contradicting research is always beings released
• People are very far removed from how their food is produced

Question 3

Australian Guide to Healthy Eating

Answer 3

• Visual guide of the 5 food groups

- Useful for educational and counselling activities

Question 4

Guideline 1

Answer 4

To achieve and maintain a healthy weight, be physically active and choose amounts of nutritious food and drinks to meet your energy needs

Question 5

Guideline 2

Answer 5

Enjoy a wide variety of nutritious foods from these five food groups every day

• vegetable and legumes
• fruit
• grains
• lean meats
• dairy and alternatives

Question 6

Guideline 3

Answer 6

Limit intake of foods containing saturated fat, added salt, added sugars and alcohol

Question 7

Guideline 4

Answer 7

Encourage, support and promote breastfeeding

Question 8

Guideline 5

Answer 8

Care for your food; prepare and store it safely

Question 9

Serve defintion

Answer 9

A set amount that does not change

Question 10

Portion definition

Answer 10

The amount of individuals actually eat

Question 11

Serves of vegetables

Answer 11

• 1/2 cup cooked vegetables
• 1/2 cup cooked, dried to canned beans
• 1 cup green leafy vegetables
• 1/2 medium potato
• 1 medium tomato

Question 12

Serves of fruit

Answer 12

• 1 medium apple/banana
• 2 small apricots, kiwi
• 1 cup canned fruit

Question 13

Serves of grains

Answer 13

• slice of bread
• 1/2 cup of cooked grains
• 1/4 cup muesli
• 1 crumpet

Question 14

Serves of lean meats

Answer 14

• 65g of cooked red meats
• 80g of cooked poultry
• 100g of fish fillet
• 2 eggs
• 30g of nuts

Question 15

Serve of dairy/alternatives

Answer 15

• 1 cup of milk
• 2 slices of cheese
• 3/4 cup yoghurt
• 1 cup soy milk

Question 16

Infant feeding guidelines purpose

Answer 16

• Information for health workers
• Support optimum infant nutrition by providing a review of the evidence and clear guidance on infant feeding
• Based on Australian Dietary Guidelines

Question 17

Infant feeding guidelines provides advice on

Answer 17

• Breastfeeding
• Infant formula
• Pacifiers
• Dental carries
• Bottle feeding
• Introducing solid foods
• Foods that should be avoided

Question 18

Australian National Nutrition Surveys

Answer 18

1995 National Nutrition Survey
2007 Children’s Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey
2011-2013 Australian Health Survey

Question 19

1995 National Nutrition Survey

Answer 19

• Ages 2+ years
• 13,858 participants
• 3007 aged 2-18 years
• 1 x 24 hour dietary recall
• Subsample with second 24 hour dietary recall
• Food frequency questionnaire
• Questionnaire on eating habits and patterns

Question 20

2007 Children’s Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey

Answer 20

• 2-16 years
• 4487 children
• 2x 24 hour dietary recall
• Food habit questions
• First Australian national survey to measure food and activity patterns in the same group

Question 21

2011 - 2013 Australian Health Survey

Answer 21

• Largest most comprehensive survey
• Residents in private dwellings, urban and rural
• One adult and one child from each dwelling
• Nutrition, physical activity, anthropometry, biochemical data
• Staggered release of data
• Final results include data from 32000 people
• Consisted of national health survey, national and nutrition physical activity survey and national health measures survey
• NHS and NNPAS data obtained through computer assisted personal interview
• Second NNPAS through computer assisted telephone interview
• NHS - voluntary samples of blood and urine

Question 22

24 hour recalls

Answer 22

• People of all ages participated
• Interviews completed by trained staff (high cost)
• Automated multiple pass method (5 phases)