Week 4 - Diabetes Flashcards
1
Q
Insulin
A
released in response to rising blood glucose
2
Q
Glucagon
A
Released in response to falling levels of blood glucose
3
Q
S+S of Diabetes (both types)
A
Polyuria: increased urination and urinary glucose
Polydipsia: increased thirst
Polyphagia: increased hunger/weight loss
4
Q
Type I Diabetes
A
- diagnosed as a young child
- cannot make insulin themselves
- autoimmune
- ~10% of diabetics
5
Q
Type II Diabetes
A
- Adult onset
- due to insulin resistance
- Genetic, obesity, lack of activity
- ~90% of diabetics
6
Q
Oral Manifestations of Diabetes
A
- Xerostomia
- Candidiasis
- burning sensations
- poor wound healing
- increased caries
7
Q
Most important question to ask someone with Diabetes?
A
What was the most recent Hb-A1c? And when was it?
8
Q
Hb-A1c levels
A
< 6% = normal non diabetic
6 - 6.4% = prediabetes or at risk of diabetes
6.5 + % = diabetes Dx
9
Q
Normal fasting Hb-A1c
A
3.9 to <7 mmol/L
10
Q
Hypoglycemic Emergencies
A
- Due to LOW blood sugar levels
- shaking, weakness, convulsions
- Give them something to eat
11
Q
Hyperglycemic Emergencies
A
- Due to HIGH blood sugar
- Diabetic coma
- Prolonged onset over days
Treatment: require insulin
12
Q
Gestational Diabetes Risk Factors
A
Genetics
Maternal age
Multiple pregnancies
