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BUSA1000 Intro to Data, Analytics, and People > Week 4 - Database Process 1 > Flashcards

Week 4 - Database Process 1 Flashcards

-Explain what the purpose of database in business process model -Create basic database -Using Chen's notation for ERD design

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1
Q

What is a database?

A

a self-describing collection of integrated records

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2
Q

What does a database contain?

A
  1. tables
  2. relationships among tables
  3. metadata
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3
Q

What do tables do?

A

represent business objects

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4
Q

What are the data elements?

A

-bytes/characters
-columns/fields
-rows/records

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5
Q

What is the hierarchy of data elements?

A

bytes/characters are grouped into columns/fields>grouped into rows/records>grouped into tables/files

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6
Q

Where does relationships exist among different tables?

A

rows

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7
Q

How are table relationship sentences structured?

A

noun, verb, noun

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8
Q

What is involved in the relationships between tables via keys

A

-primary keys
-foreign keys

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9
Q

What is a primary key?

A

unique identifier for each row in a table

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10
Q

What is a foreign key?

A

a column of fields that are Primary Keys in other tables (establishes relationship between tables)

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11
Q

Which key do all tables have?

A

Primary Keys

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12
Q

What is metadata?

A

data about the data - supports the organization and management of the database

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13
Q

What is data modelling also called?

A

Entity Relationship Modelling (ER) Modelling

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14
Q

What notation do we use in this unit?

A

Chens notation

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15
Q

What is an Entity?

A

a table in database

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16
Q

What is an entity instance?

A

a row in table

17
Q

What is an attribute?

A

a column in table

18
Q

What if you don’t have a primary key?

A

data is just a spreadsheet not a database

19
Q

What is the notation for an entity?

A

-entity is placed inside a rectangle
-capital letters
-noun

20
Q

What is the notation for an attribute?

A

-attribute is placed inside an ellipse
-first letter is a capital
-use underscore between words
-primary key is underlined
-noun

21
Q

What is a relationship?

A

link between two tables

22
Q

What is the notation for a relationship?

A

-relationship is in a diamond
-continuous lines connecting to entities
-verb

23
Q

What is a relationship instance?

A

link between two table entries

24
Q

What are the three Cardinal relationships?

A

-one to many
-many to many
-one to one

25
Q

What two Cardinal relationships are used in this unit?

A

-one to many
-many to many

26
Q

If we have a one to many cardinality, explain relationship using
1-department
(employs)
many-adviser

A

“One department can hire many advisors,
Each advisor is hired by one department”

27
Q

What is the Golden Rule for modelling Relationships?

A

The primary key of the entity on the 1-side of the relationship is ALWAYS the foreign key to the entity on the M-side of the relationship

28
Q

What is an associative entity?

A

Links two entities and contains attributes unique to their relationship

29
Q

What is the primary key when you have an associative entity

A

composite primary key - combine primary keys from other tables

30
Q

How do you name an associative entity?

A

combine entity names (sometimes has unique name)

31
Q

What is the notation for an associative entity?

A

retain verb, make box around it, write name in capitals above or below box

32
Q

If we had a many to many cardinality with and associative entity in the middle named (offer) using: supplier delivers material

A

“1 supplier can supply many materials
1 material is delivered by many suppliers”

33
Q

What are the 4 steps in creating an ERD?

A
  1. identify entities
  2. identify business rules (find noun verb noun relationship)
  3. define relationship and represent cardinality
  4. identify attributes
34
Q

What is a unary reationship?

A

relationship between two different instances of an entity

35
Q

What is an example of a unary relationship?

A

when one employee supervises other employees

36
Q

What is the acronym to remember the components in an ER diagram?

A

PACER

37
Q

What does PACER stand for?

A

-Primary key
-Attribute
-Cardinality
-Entity
-Relationship

BUSA1000 Intro to Data, Analytics, and People (10 decks)

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