Week 4: Body Structure Flashcards
Anatomical Position
Subject erect, facing observer, arms at side, palms facing forward.
Supine
Face-up orientation
Prone
Face-down orientation
Front of body
anterior, ventral
Back of body
posterior, dorsal
Hands & Feet *** Check this
H: back = p, palm = a
F: top = p, sole = a
Superior
Structure being closer to the head/higher
Cephalic/Cranial
Inferior
Structure being closer than feet/lower
Caudal
Medial
Towards midline of body
Lateral
Away from midline of body
Intermediate
Between a more medial and more lateral structure.
Parietal
Outer wall of body cavity
Visceral
Covering of an organ or inner layer.
Peripheral
Away from center
Central
Towards the center
Proximal
Toward trunk or beginning of structure
Distal
Away from trunk or beginning of structure
Deep
Further away from the surface of an organism
Superficial
Near the outer surface of the organism
Median
Middle of a structure
NOT THE SAME AS MEDIAL
Sagittal
Midline
Longitudinal into right/left sides
Frontal
Coronal
Longitudinal into front/back sides
Transverse
Horizontal
Cross
Top vs Bottom
Body Cavities
Spaces in the body that separate, protect, support, and allow for changes in size and shape of internal organs.
5 Cavities
Cranial
Vertebral
(Cavity Housing CNS)
Thoracic
Abdominal
Pelvic
(Abdominopelvic)
Ventral Body Cavity
Thoracic and abdominopelvic
Membranes of the Anterior Body Cavity
Pleura, pericardium, peritoneum.
Pleura
Membrane that lines pleural cavity (covers lungs in thoracic cavity.
Pericardium
Membrane that lines pericardial cavity (covers heart in mediastinum)
Peritoneum
Membrane that lines peritoneal cavity and covers organs that fill abdominopelvic cavity.
Top 3 Regions of Abdominopelvic Cavity
Hypochondriac (L&R), Epigastric.
Middle 3 regions of abdominopelvic
Lumbar (L&R), umbilical
Bottom 3 regions of abdominopelvic
Iliac (L&R), Hypogastric
