Week 2: Membrane Transport

Question 1

Phospholipids in cell membrane

Answer 1

Principal component
Bi-layer arrangement
Hydrophilic phosphate head
Hydrophobic fatty acid tail

Question 2

Membrane flexibility and fluidity (movement, saturation, cholesterol)

Answer 2

Phospholipids constantly switching spots laterally.
Unsaturated (gaps) vs saturated (tightly packed)
Cholesterol (stabilizes membrane by wedging between gaps or pushing heads apart)

Question 3

Integral Proteins

Question 4

Glycolipid

Answer 4

Lipid with carb attached
***

Question 5

Glycolyx

Answer 5

Sugar coating on membrane
Cell recognition
***

Question 6

Which passes easily through membrane?

Answer 6

Small and non-polar.

Question 7

Passive Transport

Answer 7

Diffusion, Osmosis, Facilitated Diffusion

Question 8

Active Transport

Answer 8

Active
Transport Vesicles:
Endocytosis: Phagocytosis, Pinocytosis, Exocytosis

Question 9

Solution

Answer 9

Solvent and solute

Question 10

Solvent

Answer 10

Medium that the solutes dissolves in

Question 11

Solute

Answer 11

Substance dissolved in the solvent

Question 12

Concentration Gradient

Answer 12

More solute in one part of a solvent than another.
Movement from high to low concentration

Question 13

Diffusion

Answer 13

Movement from high concentration to low concentration until equilibrium is reached.
Small, hydrophobic, uncharged particles.

Question 14

Facilitated Diffusion

Answer 14

Diffusion of a substance across membrane with aid of transport proteins.

Question 15

Integral Proteins

Answer 15

Channel and carrier

Question 16

Channel Proteins

Answer 16

Open all the time
Small, polar molecules can pass
Specific channels for each molecule
Some have gates

Question 17

Carrier Proteins

Answer 17

Binds to substance, releases on the other side.

Question 18

Osmosis

Answer 18

Type of facilitated diffusion.
Movement of water from area of high concentration to low water concentration.

Question 19

Function of Osmosis

Answer 19

Maintaining proper pressure within cells.

Question 20

Hypotonic

Answer 20

Lower solute concentration than another solution.
Lysed cell.

Question 21

Hypertonic

Answer 21

Higher solute concentration than another solution.
Shriveled cell.

Question 22

Isotonic

Answer 22

Equal concentration to another solution..

Question 23

Active Transport

Answer 23

Movement of substance against concentration gradient.

Question 24

Function of Active Transport

Answer 24

Cell can gain needed nutrients that are at different concentration levels inside the cell vs outside.

Question 25

Phagocytosis

Answer 25

Active transport.
Cell takes in large materials by engulfing it within the membrane.
Vesicle formed, digested by lysosome.

Question 26

Pinocytosis

Answer 26

OR Endocytosis.
Small molecules or droplets of fluid taken up by cell.

Question 27

Exocytosis

Answer 27

Vesicles fuse with cell membrane to release materials into extracellular fluid.