Week 2: Structure and Function of Cells

Question 1

Characteristics associated with life

Answer 1

1. Order
2. Exchange materials with their environment
3. Synthesis of complex molecules
4. Reproduction
5. Responds to Environment
6. Cellular

Question 2

Cells

Answer 2

Basic unit of structure and function in living things

Question 3

Tissues

Answer 3

Made up of cells similar in structure and function.
Work together for common goal

Question 4

4 Basic Human Tissues

Answer 4

1. Connective
2. Epithelial
3. Muscle
4. Nerve

Question 5

Organs

Answer 5

2 or more tissues that work together

Question 6

Organ Systems

Answer 6

Groups of organs that work together

Question 7

11 Human Organ Systems

Answer 7

1. Digestive
2. Endocrine
3. Excretory
4. Immune
5. Integumentary
6. Muscular
7. Nervous
8. Reproductive
9. Respiratory
10. Skeletal
11. Circulatory

Question 8

Organisms

Answer 8

Living things that carry out basic life processes.

Question 9

Plasma Membrane

Answer 9

Flexible outer boundary
Proteins, lipids, carbohydrates
Selective barrier

Question 10

Cytoplasm

Answer 10

Intracellular fluid containing organelles.

Question 11

Nucleus

Answer 11

Control center

Question 12

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

Answer 12

Continuous with nucleus
Rough and Smooth

Question 13

Rough ER

Answer 13

Ribosomes
Protein synthesis & transport

Question 14

Smooth ER

Answer 14

Lipid synthesis and transport
Drug detoxification

Question 15

Ribosomes

Answer 15

Free and bound
No membrane
Synthesize proteins

Question 16

Golgi Apparatus

Answer 16

Sorting/shipping center
Proteins modified then sent to specific places
Protein from rough ER to Golgi via vesicles

Question 17

Vesicles (Vacuoles)

Answer 17

Membrane-bound sacs
Storage, import, export.

Question 18

Lysosomes

Answer 18

Small sacs w single membrane
Has enzymes that breakdown bacteria and old organelles
Auto-lyse (destruction of cell)

Question 19

Mitochondria

Answer 19

Double membrane organelle
Make ATP (energy)
Folding for more surface area
Contains ribosomes

Question 20

Nucleus

Answer 20

Nucleolus (forms ribosomes)
Nuclear pores (lets things in and out)
Contains chromatin

Question 21

Chromatin

Answer 21

Structure of DNA wrapped around protein

Question 22

Chromosome

Answer 22

Decompressed DNA in X structure

Question 23

Metabolism

Answer 23

All chemical processes that occur in the cell
Balance

Question 24

Anabolic Reactions

Answer 24

Building
Require energy

Question 25

Catabolic Reactions

Answer 25

Breaking down
Release energy

Question 26

Endergonic

Answer 26

Anabolic

Question 27

Exergonic

Answer 27

Catabolic

Question 28

For tissues to form:

Answer 28

Cell division and growth
Cellular specialization

Question 29

Cell Differentiation/Specialization

Answer 29

Cells develop along different path - diff genes activate at diff times
Form fits function
Efficiency

Question 30

Nerve Cell

Answer 30

Communication
Long with lots of branches - reach far and many.

Question 31

Muscles Cell (Function and Form)

Answer 31

Movement
Elongated for maximum amount of movement.

Question 32

Red Blood Cell (Name, Form, Function)

Answer 32

Erythrocyte
Carry oxygen
No nucleus - more space/doesn’t use oxygen
Flattened - more surface area.

Question 33

White Blood Cell

Answer 33

Leukocytes
Fight infections