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Week 4 bb revision Flashcards

1
Q

‘Ring-enhancing’ lesion on MRI

A

Cerebral abscess
Tuberculoma
Toxoplasmosis

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2
Q

Forgetfulness
Ataxia
Spasms of muscles
EEG with periodic sharp waves

A

Prion disease CJD

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3
Q

General term for inflammation of brain and spinal cord

A

Encephalomyelitis

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4
Q

UTI treatment in early pregnancy

A

Nitrofurantoin

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5
Q

Organism causing functional/anatomical abnormalities of renal tract
(also cavitating lung lesions)

A

Klebsiella

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6
Q

Broad spectrum penicillin traditionally used in the treatment of UTIs.

A

Ampicillin

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7
Q

Most common cause of UTI in catheterised men

A

E. Coli

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8
Q

After E. coli this organism is the most common cause of uncomplicated UTI in women

A

Staph saprophyticus

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9
Q

Children

Haemorrhagic cystitis

A

Adenovirus

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10
Q

Treatment for pseudomonal infections in cystic fibrosis

A

Ceftazidime

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11
Q

Given IM as a single shot for gonococcal urethritis

A

Ceftriaxone

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12
Q

Dysuria
Frequency
No bacteriuria or any other cause found

A

Urethral syndrome

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13
Q

Painless frank haematuria

A

Bladder cancer

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14
Q

CF patient
wheeze and SOB
gram-negative bacteria

A

Burkholderia cepacia

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15
Q

MacConkey agar used to identify

A

Gram negative enteric bacteria and whether they ferment lactose

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16
Q

Aesuclin positive

A

Enterococci

Listeria Group D strep

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17
Q

American trypanosomiasis aka …

A

Chagas disease

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18
Q

Unilateral painless periorbital oedema and conjunctivits with ipsilateral regional lymphadenopathy

A

Romana’s sign seen in Chagas disease (where T. cruzi enters through the conjunctiva)

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19
Q

Offensive burps

stool with trophozoites/cysts

A

Giardia lamblia - giardiasis

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20
Q

Amastigote

A

Leishmania

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21
Q

Schistosoma associated with squamous cell cancer of the bladder

A

haematobium

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22
Q

Schistosoma associated with travel to carribean and south america as well as standard africa/middle east

23
Q

Travel
contact with fresh water
Swimmer’s itch
month symptom free followed by rash fever myalgia and maybe pneumonitis

A

Schistosomiasis

24
Q

Microfilariae

A

Wuchereria bancrofti

25
Q

Sandly

A

leishmaniasis

26
Q

Undercooked pork
facial oedema
myalgia

A

Trichinella spiralis

27
Q

Fluctuating fever
brown black urine
africa

A

Falciparum malria

28
Q

Tear drop or pear shaped trophozoites

29
Q

Machado-Guerreiro test

A

Trypanosoma cruzi

30
Q

A neonate is referred and presents with skin lesions, lymphadenopathy and failure to thrive.

31
Q

Raised APTT
Normal PT
Normal bleeding time

A

Haemophilia

32
Q

Raised APTT
Normal PT
Raised bleeding time

33
Q

coagulation disorder

Spontaneous bleeding

A

Haemophilia

34
Q

coagulation disorder

usually noted after a challenge like injury or surgery

35
Q

enlarged maxilla
prominent frontal/parietal bones
hepatosplenomegaly
expanded medullary cavity with ‘hair on end’ appearance on xray.

A

beta thalassaemia

36
Q

Whole blood cutoff for diabetes

37
Q

fasting plasma glucose cutoff for diabetes

38
Q

random venous plasma glucose cutoff for diabetes

A

11.1mmol/l

39
Q

Definition of impaired fasting glucose

A

fasting plasma glucose 6.1-6.9mmol/l

40
Q

Definition of impaired glucose tolerance

A

fasting plasma glucose less than 7mmol/l

AND

2-hour glucose between 7.8 and 11 mmol/l

41
Q

cerebral vessel
occlusion leads to contralateral lower limb weakness
milder contralateral upper limb weakness

42
Q

infarcts affecting basal ganglia, internal capsule, thalamus, pons.

A

lacunar infarcts

43
Q

Young person
headaches particularly worse in the morning
a bit of N+V

A

Benign intracranial hypertension

44
Q

Ruptured berry aneurysm

45
Q

hard palpable breast mass
calcified
pleomorphic nuclei
necrotic centre

46
Q

lump in breast
nipple discharge - sometimes bloody
branching fibrovascular cores
bland epithelium

A

duct papilloma

47
Q

risk of breast cancer

multifocal lumps

A

lobular carcinoma in situ

48
Q

nipple retraction breast clinic

A

invasive carcinoma

49
Q

breast clinic
red
roughened
ulcerated nipple

A

Paget’s disease of the nipple

50
Q

FNA with serous turbid fluid

A

breast cyst

51
Q

cystic dilatation of duct during lactation caused by obstruction

A

galactocele

52
Q

breast clinic
palpable mass
microcalcification

53
Q

Breast clinic
red around nipple
skin as scaly

A

Paget’s disease of the nipple

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