WEEK 4: Anatomy of Spinal Cord

Question 1

Muscle spindles are about…

Answer 1

stretching

Question 2

What are 2 types of Neuron cell bodies located in NS

Answer 2

Nuclei - cluster of neurons cell bodies CNS
Ganglia - cluster of neurons cell bodies PNS

Question 3

GOT stand for

Answer 3

Golgi tendon organs
-tendon attaching the bone
- a sensory receptor located near the junction of a muscle and tendon

Question 4

What kind of receptor is GOT

Answer 4

sensory

Question 5

how does sensory go through spinal cord?

Answer 5

posterior

Question 6

The Tendon reflex

Answer 6

occurs after the tendon’s active stretching when it is tapped with the hammer

Question 7

Superior spinal cord arteries. How many & which ones?

Answer 7

-anterior spinal artery (1)
-posterior spinal arteries (2)
TOTAL 3 arteries to the spinal cord

Question 8

What causes death in the spinal cord

Answer 8

No oxygen or blood in the spinal cord

Question 9

Anastomosis

Answer 9

-a surgical connection between two structures
-An anastomosis is a connection or opening between two things that are normally diverging or branching, such as between blood vessels, leaf veins, or streams.

Question 10

What happens if the spinal cord is blocked and anastomosis can’t occur

Answer 10

part of the spinal cord will not receive oxygen and die

Question 11

How many veins in the spinal cord?

Answer 11

6 veins in the spinal cord
-3

Question 12

Where do veins connect in with

Answer 12

intervertebral plexus
Plexus - network of fiber nerves

Question 13

Where do spinal cord veins drain into

Answer 13

Intervertebral veins
* Vertebral veins
* Ascending lumbar veins
* Azygos system

Question 14

Venous plexuses

Answer 14

-route for metastasis
of an abdominal or pelvic tumor to
vertebrae, spinal cord or brain
-an intricate network of sinusoidal veins found in the cervical epidural space, consisting of longitudinal channels connected by retrocorporeal veins

Question 15

What kind of disease is ALS?

Answer 15

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
Motor Neuron Disease

Question 16

Ventral horn motor neurons

Answer 16

-send axons via the ventral roots of the spinal nerves to terminate on striated muscles
-if these neurons are dead there is no innervation
-Lower spinal working its way up

Question 17

What kind of disorder is poliomyelitis?

Answer 17

Spinal Cord Trauma and Disorder

Question 18

Poliomyelitis

Answer 18

-Destruction of ventral horn motor
neurons of lower spinal cord by
poliovirus
-paralysis and muscle atrophy

Question 19

Neuron: White matter vs Gray matter

Answer 19

regions with dense collections of
white - myelinated fiber
gray - nonmyelinated fiber

Question 20

Afferent Vs Efferent nerve & Mixed

Answer 20

A (Arriving CNS, Away from the body, ) = sensory - only toward CNS

E (Exiting CNS, Enters the body) = motor - only away from CNS

Mixed sensory and motor

Question 21

Meninges

Answer 21

3 layers of the membrane
Thick –> Thin (external to internal)
Dura mater
Arachnoid mater
Pia mater

Question 22

Dura mater

Answer 22

strongest thick and inelastic outer covering

Question 23

Arachnoid Mater

Answer 23

spiderweb like
thin transparent
- Blood vessel are deep into the arachnoid mater
-covers nerve roots and spinal ganglia

Question 24

Dural sac

Answer 24

continuation of the dura matter and the arachnoid mater (theca sac)

• ENDS @ S2!!!

Question 25

Pia mater specializations

Answer 25

• left and right denticulate ligaments
• film terminale

Question 26

Denticulate Ligaments and function

Answer 26

• extension of Pia mater that secures the spinal cord to dura mater

FUNCTION: anchor the spinal cord along its length to the dura mater on each side

Question 27

How many denticulate Ligamnets?

Answer 27

21 tooth-like processes on each side