Joints Between the Articular Process

Question 1

Zygapophyseal Joints

Answer 1

facet joints
– interlaminar joints
– commonly referred to as

Z-joints
– Formed at the juncture of:
– inferior articular
process of the
vertebra above
– superior articular
process of the
vertebra below

Question 2

• Zygapophyseal Joints

Answer 2

Synovial, diarthrodial (functional), planar (structural)
– Each articular process has an articular facet covered in
hyaline cartilage
– Each Z joint has a capsule located posterolaterally
* Outer layer is dense fibroelastic connective tissue
* Inner layers consist of vascular areolar tissue and a synovial
membrane
– Anteriorly covered by the ligamentum flavum

Question 3

What is the unique characteristic in a Z joints?

Answer 3

Synovial fold

Question 4

What is another word for synovial fold?

Answer 4

meniscus

Question 5

What ligament relates to supraspinous ligament

Answer 5

nuchal ligament

Question 6

What is syndesmosis?

Answer 6

a fibrous joint characterized by two adjacent bones connected by ligamentous structures, including a strong interosseous membrane (IOM)

Question 7

ligamentum flavum

Answer 7

a thick, segmental ligament that runs between the lamina of adjacent vertebrae

Question 8

Syndesmosis layers interior –> exterior

Answer 8

a) Laminar
Ligamentum Flavum
b) Interspinous
c) Supraspinous

Question 9

What is a freely mobile joints called?

Answer 9

Synovial joint

Question 10

Costovertebral Joint

Answer 10

two groups of synovial plane joints which connect the proximal end of the ribs with their corresponding thoracic vertebrae, enclosing the thoracic cage from the posterior side

Question 11

Intertransverse Syndesmosis

Question 12

Sacroiliac Joint

Answer 12

-Contributing cause of low back pain 50%

• classified as an atypical synovial joint
• anterior joint surface has an articular capsule
• posterior surface is covered by the interosseous
  sacroiliac ligament

-pain and stiffness in the buttocks or lower back, and the pain might go down one or both legs

Question 13

What is a slightly mobile joint?

Answer 13

Amphiarthroses

Question 14

Sacroiliac Joint

Answer 14

The auricular surface of the sacrum articulates
with the auricular surface of the ilium
– The auricular surface of the sacrum is covered by
hyaline cartilage
– The auricular surface of the ilium is covered by
fibrocartilage
– The hyaline cartilage is 3x thicker than the
fibrocartilage
– FISH (fibrocartilage-ilium, sacrum-hyaline)

Question 15

Toughest type of cartilage?

Answer 15

Fibro cartilage

Question 16

Sacroiliac Joint innervation

Answer 16

anterior part of the joint is innervated by the
anterior primary divisions L2-S2
– L4 and L5 appear to be the most frequent source
of innervation

• posterior part of the joint is innervated by the
  posterior primary divisions S1-S2
  – Others believe the innervation is more extensive
  extending from L4 to S3

Question 17

Sacroiliac Joint movement

Answer 17

small amount of movement in the SI joint, most of which is nutation and counternutation

Question 18

Sacrococcygeal Joint

Answer 18

fibrocartilaginous
disc located between
sacrum and coccyx

– classified as a
cartilaginous
symphysis

Question 19

What kind of sarcoccygeal joint?

Answer 19

– classified as a
cartilaginous
symphysis