Week 4 Flashcards
physical energy converted into electrical signals in the nervous system is ______
transduction
opsin + retinal =
rhodopsin
different ____ detect different wavelengths and intensities of light
opsins
_____ varies among rods and cones, while _____ stays the same
opsin, retinal
retinal is derived from _____ ___
vitamin A
rhodopsin is a ______ protein complex
transmembrane
rots and cones have about ____ disks
10^3
there are about ____ rhodopsins per disk
10^9
rhodoposin molecules receive photons, which causes a ____ _____
graded response
photoreceptors are ____ polarizing
hyper
time in light will increase the number of opsin molecules _____ retinal
without
time in the dark will increase the number of opsin molecules ____ retinal
with
photoreceptors contain different _____, but all use the same _______ (_____)
opsin, chromophore (retinal)
___ and ____ opsins are encoded by genes in the X chromosome
red and greed
____ opsin is on an autosomal chromosome
blue
photoreceptors are grouped into ____ _____
receptive fields
multiple photoreceptors funnel down to one _____ _____ _____ , which sends an axon into the brain
retinal ganglion cell
one photoreceptor contributes to ____ receptive fields
many
LGN
lateral geniculate nucleus
parvocellular cells recognize _____
patterns
magnocellular cells recognize____
movement
the basal two layers of the LGN are _______
magnocellular
Layers 3-6 of the LGN are _____
parocellular
do LGN layers grow or shrink with patching or use of an eye?
yes!
the LGN sorts the ____ and ______ of visual information
color and motion
the cortex sorts the ____ , ____, _____ of visual information
orientation, color, eye
parallel visual pathways exist for ____ and _____
where , what
after formation _____ _____ affects occular column size
synaptic competitoin
