Week 4/5 - Skeletal System Flashcards
What are the 4 different type of bone classifications?
Long, short, flat and irregular bones
Features of a Long bone
Cylindrical in shape, longer than it is wide
Features of a short bone
Cube-like in shape, approx. equal in length, width and thickness
Provide stability and support as well as limited motion
Features of sesamoid bone
Specific type of short bone, round bone that is like a sesame seed
Form in tendons wheee a great deal of pressure is generated in a joint, protect tendons wear and tear
Increase distance between tendon and a joint
Features of a flat bone
Typically thin
Curved
Point of attaché ent for muscles and often protect internal organs
Features of irregular bones
Doesn’t fit any shape classification
Complex shapes,
Example of a long bone
Femur, tibia, fibula, phalanges, ulna, radius
Examples of short bones
Carpals, tarsals, pisiform, trapezoidal, scaphoid, calcaneas
Examples of flat bones
Sternum, occipital, frontal, nasal, pubis symphisis
Examples of irregular bones
coccyx, vertebrae, hyoid
Examples of sesamoid bones
Patellae
2 parts of a long bone and their features
Diaphysis and epipysis
Diaphysis: tubular shaft that runs between the proximal and distal ends of the bone
Walls of diaphysis composed of dense and hard cortical bone tissue
Epiphysis: wider section at each end of the bone (proximal and distal ends)
Each epiphysis meets the diaphysis at the metaphysis (growth plate)
What is the metaphysis
Growth plate
2 divisions of skeletal system
Axial skeleton and appendicular skeleton
Axial: includes all bones of the head, neck , thorax and back
Appendicular: upper and lower limbs plus bones that attach each limb to the axial skeleton
What is arrow A and B pointing to?
Arrow A = brain case
Arrow B = facial bones
What is arrow A pointing to?
Frontal bone
What is arrow B pointing to?
Parietal bone (right)
What is arrow C pointing to?
Temporal bone (right)
What is arrow D pointing to?
Sphenoid bone
What is arrow E pointing to?
Maxilla bone (left)
What is arrow F pointing to?
Maxilla bone (right)
What is arrow G pointing to?
Mandible
What is arrow A pointing to?
Parietal bone (right)
What is arrow B pointing to?
Frontal bone
What is arrow C pointing to?
Temporal bone (right)
What is arrow D pointing to?
Sphenoid bone
What is arrow E pointing to?
Occipital bone
What is arrow F pointing to?
Maxilla bone (right)
What is arrow G pointing to?
Mandible
What is arrow A pointing to?
Coronal suture
What is arrow B pointing to?
Left parietal bone
What is arrow C pointing to?
Frontal bone
What is arrow E pointing to?
Right parietal bone
What is arrow A pointing to?
Malleus of the middle ear
What is arrow B pointing to?
External acoustic meatus of temporal bone
What is arrow C pointing to?
Mastoid process of temporal bone
What is arrow A pointing to?
Occipital bone
What is arrow B pointing to?
Occipital bone: external occipital protuberance
What is arrow C pointing to?
Foramen magnum of the occipital bone
What is arrow E pointing to?
Atlanto-occipital joint
What is arrow D pointing to?
Jugular foramen
What is arrow A pointing to?
Hypophyseal fossa of sella turcica of sphenoid
What is arrow A pointing to?
Superior nasal concha of ethmoid
What is arrow B pointing to?
Middle nasal concha of ethmoid
What is arrow C pointing to?
Superoanterior portion of osseous nasal septum
What is arrow A pointing to?
Hyoid bone
What is arrow A pointing to?
Cervical vertebrae (C1-C7)
What is arrow B pointing to?
Thoracic vertebrae (T1-T12)
What is arrow C pointing to?
Lumbar vertebrae (L1-L5)
What is arrow D pointing to?
Fused vertebrae I’d sacrum and coccyx form sacrococcygeal curve
What is arrow E pointing to?
Intervertebral disc
What is arrow F pointing to?
Sacrum
What is arrow G pointing to?
Coccyx
What is arrow A pointing to?
Jugular notch
What is arrow B pointing to?
Clavicle notch
What is arrow C pointing to?
Clavicle
What is arrow D pointing to?
Manubrium
What is arrow E pointing to?
Sternal angle
What is arrow F pointing to?
Costal cartilage
What is arrow G pointing to?
Body of the sternum
What is arrow I pointing to?
Intercostal space
What is arrow A pointing to?
Spinous process
What is arrow B pointing to?
Lamina
What is arrow C pointing to?
Transverse process
What is arrow D pointing to?
Pedicle
What is arrow E pointing to?
Facet of superior articular process
What is arrow F pointing to?
Body
What is arrow G pointing to?
Vertebral foramen
What is arrow A pointing to?
Anulus fibrosus
What is arrow B pointing to?
Nucleus pulposus
What is arrow A pointing to?
Spinous process
What is arrow B pointing to?
Vertebral foramen
What is arrow C pointing to?
Lamina
What is arrow D pointing to?
Pedicle
What is arrow H pointing to?
Superior articular process
What is arrow G pointing to?
Transverse foramen
What is arrow I pointing to?
Transverse process
What is arrow F pointing to?
Body
What is arrow E pointing to?
Groove of spinal nerve
What is arrow A pointing to?
Dens
What is arrow B pointing to?
Anterior arch
What is arrow C pointing to?
Transverse process
What is arrow D pointing to
Transverse ligament
What is arrow E pointing to?
Transverse foramen
What is arrow F pointing to?
Superior articular facet
What is arrow G pointing to?
Posterior arch
What is arrow A pointing to?
Dens
What is arrow A pointing to?
Intervertebral disc
What is arrow B pointing to.
Vertebral body
What is arrow C pointing to?
Vertebral foramen
What is arrow D pointing to?
Transverse process
What is arrow E pointing to?
Pedicle or the vertebral arch
What is arrow F pointing to?
Superior articular process
What is arrow G pointing to?
Lamina of the vertebral arch
What is arrow I pointing to?
Spinous process
What is arrow A pointing to?
Median sacral crest
What is arrow B pointing to?
Auricle surface of sacrum
What is arrow C pointing to?
Posterior sacral foramina
What is arrow D pointing to?
Coccyx
Syndesmosis
Fibourous structure
Middle radiounlar joint
Gomphosis
Fibrous structure
Teeth sockets
Symphysis
Cartilaginous structure
Anterior intervertebral joint
Pubic symphysis
Synchondrosis
Cartilaginous structure
Epiphyseal plate
Costochondral joint
What is arrow A pointing to?
Bone
What is arrow B pointing to?
Synovial membrane
What is arrow C pointing to?
Articular cartilage
What is arrow D pointing to?
Articular capsule
What is arrow F pointing to?
Joint cavity containing synovial fluid
What is 1?
Femur
2?
Medial condyle
3?
Medial meniscus
4?
MediaL collateral ligament
5?
Tibia
6?
Fibula
7?
Patella ligament
8?
Transverse ligament
9?
Lateral collateral ligament
10?
Patellar area
What is arrow A pointing to?
Coxal (hip) bone
What is arrow B pointing to
Articular cartilage
What is arrow C pointing to?
Acetabular labrum
What is arrow D pointing to?
Ligament of the head of the femur
What is arrow E pointing to?
Femur
What is arrow F pointing to?
Synovial cavity
What is arrow G pointing to?
Articular capsule
What is arrow A pointing to?
Anterior inferior illiac spine
What is arrow B pointing to?
Illiofemoral ligament
What is arrow C pointing to?
Greater tronchanter
What is arrow D pointing to?
Pubofemoral ligament
What is arrow A pointing to?
Ischium
What is arrow B pointing to
Iliofemoral ligament
What is arrow D pointing to?
Ischiofemoral ligament
What is arrow C pointing to?
Greater trochanter of femur
What is arrow D pointing to?
Ischiofemoral ligament
What is A pointing to?
Clavicle
What is arrow b pointing to?
Scapula
What is arrow c pointing to?
Rib
What is arrow d pointing to?
Vertebrae
What is arrow A pointing to?
Costoclavicular ligament
What is arrow b pointing to?
Clavicle
What is arrow C pointing to?
Coracoclavicular ligament
What is arrow D pointing to?
Acromioclavicular joint
What is arrow E pointing to?
Glenohumeral joint
What is arrow F pointing to?
Scapula
What is arrow A pointing to?
Acromial end
What is arrow B pointing to?
Sternal end
What is arrow A pointing at?
Spine of scapula
What is arrow B pointing to?
Acromion
What is arrow C pointing to?
Coracoid process
What is arrow D pointing to?
Glenoid fossa
What is E pointing to?
Inferior angle of scapula
What is arrow A pointing to?
Greater tubercle
What is arrow B pointing to?
Intertubercular sulcus
What is arrow C pointing to?
Lesser tubercle
What is arrow D pointing to?
Head of humerus
What is arrow E pointing to?
Deltoid tuberosity
What is arrow F pointing to?
Lateral epocondyle of humerus
What is arrow H pointing to?
Capitulum
What is arrow G pointing to?
Medial epicondlye of humerus
What is arrow I pointing to?
Trochea
What is arrow A pointing to?
Olecranon
What is arrow B pointing to?
Trcohlear notch of ulna
What is arrow H pointing to?
Head of ulna
What is arrow D pointing to?
Head of radius
What is arrow E pointing to?
Radial tuberosity
What is arrow A pointing to?
Lunate
What is arrow B pointing to?
Capitate
What is arrow C pointing to?
Pisiform
What is arrow D pointing to?
Trapezium
What is arrow E pointing to?
Fifth metacarpal
What is arrow F pointing to?
First metacarpal
What is arrow G pointing to?
Proximal phalanx of the pollex
What is arrow H pointing to?
Proximal phalanx of the 5th digit
What is arrow I pointing to?
Distal phalanx of the pollex
What is arrow J pointing to?
Middle phalanx of the 5th digit
What is arrow K pointing to?
Distal phalanx of the 5th digit
What joint is arrow A pointing to?
Metacarpophalangeal joint
What joint is arrow B pointing to?
Interphalangeal joints
What joint is arrow C pointing to?
Carpometacarpal joints
Saddle synovial joint
What joint is arrow D pointing to?
Midcarpal joint
What joint is arrow E pointing to?
Radiocarpal joint Candyloid joint (synovial)
What is arrow A pointing to?
Lumbar vertebrae
What is arrow B pointing to?
Sacrum
What is arrow C pointing to?
Os coxa (left)
What is arrow D pointing to?
Os coxa (left)
What is arrow E and Gpointing to?
Sacroiliac joint (left) Coccyx
What is arrow F and I and H pointing to?
Hip joint (left)
Femur (left)
Pubic symphysis
What is arrow A pointing to?
Illiac crest of the os coxa
What is arrow B pointing to?
Anterior superior illiac spine
What is arrow C pointing to?
Greater sciatic notch
What is arrow D pointing to?
Acerabulum
What is arrow E pointing to?
Ischial tuberosity
What is arrow A pointing to?
Illiac crest
What is arrow B pointing to?
Anterior superior illiac spine
What is arrow C pointing to?
Auricular surface of ilium
What is arrow D pointing to?
Greater sciatic notch
What is arrow E pointing to?
Acetabulum
What is arrow F pointing to?
Superior pubic ramus
What is arrow G pointing to?
Body of pubis
What is arrow H pointing to?
Obturator foreman
What is arrow I pointing to?
Ischial tuberosity
What is arrow J pointing to?
Ischiopubic ramus
What is arrow A pointing to?
Head of femur
What is arrow B pointing to?
Greater trochanter
What is arrow C pointing to?
Lesser trochanter
What is arrow D pointing to?
Linea aspera
What is arrow E pointing to?
Medial epicondyle of femur
What is arrow F pointing to?
Intercondylar notch of femur
What is arrow G pointing to?
Medial condyle of femur
What is arrow H pointing to?
Lateral condyle of femur
What is arrow A pointing to?
Lateral tibial condyle
What is arrow B pointing to?
Medial tibial condyle
What is arrow C pointing to?
Head of fibula
What is arrow D pointing to?
Tibial tuberosity
What is arrow E pointing to?
Interosseous borders
What is arrow F pointing to?
Medial malleolus
What is arrow G pointing to?
Lateral malleolus
What is arrow A pointing to?
Calcaneus
What is arrow B pointing to?
Trochlea of talus
What is arrow C pointing to?
Talus
What is arrow D pointing to?
Cuboid
What is arrow E pointing to?
Navicular
What is arrow F pointing to?
Medial cuneiform
What is arrow G pointing to?
Lateral cuneiform
What is arrow H pointing to?
Distal phalanges
What is arrow I pointing to?
Middle phalange
What is arrow J pointing to?
Proximal phalange
What is arrow K pointing to?
Distal phalange
What is arrow L pointing to?
Proximal phalange