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Upper Extremity Orthotics > Week 4 > Flashcards

Week 4 Flashcards

0
Q

According to the American burn Association (2013) ____________fire/burn/smoke inhalation deaths per year

A

3,400

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1
Q

According to the American Burn Association (2013) ____________individuals received medical treatment for burns.

A

450,000

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2
Q

According to the American burn Association (2013) ____________hospitalizations due to burns

A

40,000

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3
Q

According to the American burn Association (2013) _____________at hospital burn centers

A

30,000

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4
Q

What is the survivor rate for burns?

A

96.6%

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5
Q

96.6% survival rate _______% males vs. ______females

A

69% males

31% females

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6
Q

What percentage of hospital burn admission is caused by fire/flames?

A

43%

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7
Q

What percentage of hospital burn admission are do to scald / bowling water?

A

34%

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8
Q

What percentage of hospital burn admissions are due to contact burns?

A

9%

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9
Q

What percentage of hospital burn admission is due to electrical burns?

A

4%

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10
Q

What percentage of hospital burn admission are due to chemical burns?

A

3%

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11
Q

72% of burns occurs in the?

A

Home

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12
Q

What percentage of burns occur at the work place?

A

9% are occupational

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13
Q

5% of burns occur in the?

A

Street/highway

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14
Q

What percentage of burns occur in other places?

A

9%

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15
Q

What percentages of burns occur in recreational places?

A

5%

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16
Q

What is the BSA?

A

Body surface area is the reference term used when describing the percentage of the body has been burned

17
Q

If an individuals BSA of a burn is greater than 15% (adult) or 10% (child),the patient will require what?

A

Will require hospitalization for IV fluid resuscitation

18
Q

The rule of nine for BSA estimate for the head and neck is what percentage?

A

9%

19
Q

The rule of nine for BSA estimate for each upper limb is what percentage?

A

9%

20
Q

The rule of nine for BSA estimate for each lower limb is what percentage?

A

18%
Anterior 9%
Posterior 9%

21
Q

The rule of nine for BSA estimate for the torso is what percentage?

A

36%
Anterior 18%
Posterior 18%

22
Q

The rule of nine for BSA estimate for the perineum is what percentage?

A

1%

23
Q

What are the classifications and degrees of burns?

A

1st degree
2nd degree
3rd degree
4th degree

24
Q

Superficial involvement and redness of skin without blisters is what degree of burn

A

1st degree burns

25
Q

How are 1st degree burns treated?

A

Treated primarily for comfort with local analgesics and pain medications
Usually heal within one week

26
Q

“Partial thickness burns” blisters may or may not be trimmed is what degree of burn?

A

2nd Degree Burns

27
Q

Some_____ degree burns may need excision of damaged skin followed by grafting

A

2nd degree burns

28
Q

How should 2nd degree burns treated?

A

ForeArm should be splinted in functional position (if possible) to prevent later stiffness
Open, raw surfAces should be cleaned with frequent dressing changes - topical antibiotics performed until wounds are healed

29
Q

Wound healing for 2nd degree burns occur within __________weeks

A

2-3 weeks

30
Q

“Full Thickness Burns” dead skin will need to be removed and replaced with skin grafts s what degree of burn?

A

3rd degree burns

31
Q

How are 3rd Degree burns treated?

A

Most surgeons remove the skin as soon as possible and graft immediately
Orthotic treatment begins and is continued until the wounds are healed and then mobilization will begin
Escharotomy

32
Q

An escharotomy is indicated if?

A

A burns that is full circumference can sometimes constrict blood flow
Large amount of swelling is present or expected
Inelastic burned skin

33
Q

What is a escharotomy?

A

Release rigid and inelastic burned skin to allow:
Circulation
Breathing (chest involvement)

34
Q 
As in 3rd degree burns, but with added damage to deeper structures
- tendons 
-muscles 
- joints 
- bones 
Is what degree of burn?
A

4th degree burns

35
Q

What are the classifications of hypertrophic scars?

A

Remain confined to border of original wound
Arise in any location
Regress with time
Flatten spontaneously in time
Appear within 1 month of the original wound

36
Q

What are the classifications of keloids?

A 
Extends beyond border of original wound 
Commonly occurs on sternum, arms, cheeks, earlobes
Thick collagen 
Remain elevated > 4 mm 
Appear 3 months or later
Worsen with surgery
37
Q

What are the common issues with burn patients?

A

Itching
Burns damage and or destroy the oil glands
Many patient experience intense itching
Moisturizer should only be applied to healed scars
Pressure garments may decrease itching

38
Q

Custom pressure garments should be worn for how many hours a da?

A

23 hours a day

May not improve scar, but can decrease itching and protect the fragile skin from injury

39
Q

Silicone gel sheets?

A

Assist with decreasing itching and moisturizing skin

Can be worn alone, or under pressure garments, splints and or Orthosis

Upper Extremity Orthotics (7 decks)

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