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Upper Extremity Orthotics > Week 1 > Flashcards

Week 1 Flashcards

0
Q

In lower orthotic what is the treatment focused on?

A

Gait

Balance

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1
Q

What patient population scenarios would benefit from upper extremity orthotic intervention?

A 
Stroke 
Burns
TBI's 
Congenital 
Infections 
CP
Carpal tunnel 
Arthritis
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2
Q

In upper extremity what is the treatment plan focused on?

A 
Reach 
Prehension 
Transitional movements 
Hand manipulation 
Carrying 
Object released
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3
Q

How many carpal bones are in the wrist?

A

8

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4
Q

The treatment plan consist of what five things?

A 
Biomechanics 
Patient assessment 
Fabrication 
Device delivery 
Adjustments
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5
Q

Name the 8 carpal bones of the wrist

A 
Scaphoid 
Lunate 
Triquetrum 
Pisiform 
Trapezium 
Trapezoid 
Capitate 
Hamate
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6
Q

How many metacarpals are in each hand?

A

5

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7
Q

Name each metacarpal

A

Metacarpals 1-5

Metacarpals I - V

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8
Q

How many phalanges are on each hand?

A

14

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9
Q

The longitudinal Arch extends from the distal phalanges to where?

A

Distal phalange to the carpals

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10
Q

Which border of the hand is the easiest view of the longitudinal arch?

A

Medial border of the hand

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11
Q

True or false

The longitudinal arch functions in opening and closing of the hand?

A

True

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12
Q

Where is the distal transverse arch located?

A

Located at the metacarpal phalangeal (MCP) joint level

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13
Q

True or false

The distal transverse arch is relatively mobile?

A

True

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14
Q

In the distal transverse arch the ___, ____, ____ metacarpals rotate around the 2nd and 3rd metacarpals to either flatten or increase its arc

A

1st, 4th, 5th

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15
Q

Where is the proximal transverse arch located?

A

At the level of the carpometacarpal joint (CMC)

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16
Q

True or false the proximal transverse arch is relatively fixed and remains arched even the hand is closed?

A

False- relatively fixed and remains arched even when the hand is open

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17
Q

The __________ muscles are largely responsible for changing the shape of the working hand for gasping objects

A

Extrinsic

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18
Q

The __________muscles are responsible for maintaining the three arches of the hand

A

Intrinsic

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19
Q

What are the pressure points of the hand?

A 
CMC 
Tener eminence 
IP joint 
Radial process 
Ulnar syloid 
MCP's 
PIP
DIP
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20
Q

The arches provide a balance between ___________and _________for gasping

A

Stability - proximal transverse arch

Mobility - distal transverse arch

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21
Q

We produce the so called “__________” by using the more stable second and third metacarpals, instead of the more mobile fourth and fifth metacarpals

A

“Chuck grasp”

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22
Q

Name the creases of hand

A 
DIP crease 
PIP crease 
Palmar digital crease 
Distal palmar crease 
Proximal palmar crease 
Thenar crease 
Wrist crease
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23
Q

What do the creases of the hand and fingers have to do with anything?

A

Important for trimlines (locations)

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24
What are the joints of the forearm?
``` Humeralradial joint Proximal radio-ulnar joint (PRUJ) Radiocarpal joint Humero-ulnar joint Distal radio-ulnar joint (DRUJ) ```
25
What are the thumb motions?
``` Adduction Abduction Extension Flexion Opposition Reposition ```
26
What are the wrist and hand motions?
``` Flexion Extension Radial deviation Ulnar deviation Pronation Supination ```
27
True or false | The radius rotates around the ulnar
True
28
Forearm pronation is how a many degrees?
90 degrees
29
Forearm supination is how many degrees?
80
30
What types of synovial joints are found in the upper extremities?
Saddle joint Condyloid joint Hinge joints Ball and socket joints
31
Hat type of joint is oval articular surface of bone fits into a complementary depression in another
Condyloid joint
32
True or false | Biaxial joints permit all angular motions - radiocarpal joints and MCP joints
True
33
What joint is similar to condyloid joints but allow greater movement Each articular surface had both a concave and convex surface
Saddle
34
The carpometacarpal joint of the thumb is what type of joint?
Saddle
35
Cylindrical projections of one bone fits into a trough -shaped surface on another Single plane motion An is a uniaxial joint that permits flexion and extension only
Hinge joints
36
Elbow and interphalangeal joints are what types of joints?
Hinge joints
37
In functional hand position the thumb in abduction and opposition with the pads of the 1st and 2nd fingers in line with the _________________
Pad of the thumb
38
When the wrist becomes flexed, the extensor tendons tighten and the distal transverse arch_________
Flattens
39
Hat joint is a spherical head of one bone articulates with a cup like socket of another
Ball and socket joint
40
True or false | Multi axial joints permit the most freely moving synovial joints
True
41
Glenohumeral joint is an example of what type of joint?
Ball and socket
42
For functional hand position the wrist need to be in how many degrees of extension
30- 40
43
For functional hand position the MCP's need to have how much flexion?
45-50
44
For functional hand position the PIP joint need to be in how many degrees?
35-45 degrees
45
For functional hand position the DIP joint needs to be slightly flexed to how many degrees?
10-25 degrees
46
For functional hand position ulnar deviation should be between _______degrees?
0-10 degrees
47
What muscles allow for elbow flexion
``` Brachial is Biceps brachii Brachioradialis Pronator teres Extensor carpi radial is Longus Flexor carpi radialis Flexor carpi ulnarus ```
48
Elbow extensor muscles are?
Triceps brachii | Anconeus
49
Forearm pronators
Pronator teres | Pronator quadratus
50
Forearm supinators
Biceps brachii | Supinator
51
What are the wrist flexor muscles?
``` Flexor carpi radialis Flexor carpi ulnaris Palmaris longus Flexor Digitorum superficialis Flexor Digitorum profundus ```
52
What are the wrist extension muscles?
Extensor carpi radialis Longus Extensor carpi radialis brevis Extensor carpi ulnaris Extensor Digitorum
53
What are the wrist radial deviators?
``` Extensor carpi radialis Longus Extensor carpi radialis Brevis Extensor pollicis Longus Extensor pollicis Brevis Flexor carpi radialis Abductor pollicis Longus ```
54
What are the ulnar deviators?
Extensor carpi ulnaris | Flexor carpi ulnaris
55
What muscle is responsible for thumb flexion?
Flexor pollicis Brevis
56
What are the thumb extension muscles?
Extensor pollicis Brevis | Abductor pollicis
57
What are the thumb abductor muscles?
Abductor pollicis Longus | Abductor pollicis Brevis
58
What are the thumb adduction muscles?
Adductor pollicis | 1st dorsal Interosseus
59
What are the proximal interphalangeal joint (PIP) Flexors?
Flexor Digitorum superficialis | Flexor Digitorum profundus
60
What are the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) Extensors?
Interossei | Lumbricals
61
What is the distal interphalangeal joint (DIP) flexor?
Flexor Digitorum profundus
62
What are the DIP Extensors?
Interossei | Lumbricals
63
Metacarpophalangeal (MP) joints Flexors
``` Dorsal Interossei D.A.B. = dorsal abduct the fingers Palmar Interossei P.A.D. = palmar adduct the fingers Lumbricals ```
64
What are the Metacarpophalangeal (MP) or (MCP) joint Extensors?
Extensor Digitorum Extensor indicis Extensor Digiti minimus
65
What is the function of the dorsal Interossei?
Dorsal abducts the fingers
66
What is the function of the palmar Interossei?
Palmar adduct the fingers
67
What is the function of the Lumbricals?
Flex MCP and extend the IP joints

Upper Extremity Orthotics (7 decks)

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