Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Ancient Religions > Week 4 > Flashcards

Week 4 Flashcards

1
Q

What 2 types of festivals existed among the Hittites?

A
  1. Regularly occurring festivals (ezen)
  2. Emergency situation festivals (siskur) (very magic heavy)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

In Hittite religion, what kind of animals were reserved for sacrificial offerings to chthonic deities?

A
  • Black Animals
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What animals were used for sacrifices to non-chthonic deities in Hittite religion?

A
  • White animals
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What had to be done with Hittite votive offerings in order to be gifted to a god?

A
  • The object had to be fully and wholly destroyed
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What were the 5 types of Hittite offerings?

A
  1. Attraction offerings
  2. Bloodless offerings
  3. Animal sacrifice
  4. Burnt offerings
  5. “Drinking the god” (scholars uncertain of what this means)

Acronym: BBAAD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

True or False: Hittites sacrificed dogs, swines and horses routinely as offerings to the gods.

A

FALSE

They only sacrificed dogs, swines and horses for special ceremonies, such as offerings to Chthonic deities or to the dead.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Which 2 civilizations were known to sometimes (albeit rarely) sacrifice puppies?

A
  • Hittites and Greeks
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

The Greeks only sacrificed puppies in ceremonies honouring which deity?

A

Hecetaeus, goddess of witchcraft

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Hittite sacrifices were super similar to which civilization’s sacrifices?

A

The Greeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are some similarities between Greek and Hittite sacrifices?

A
  • Animal’s head had to be shaved before sacrifice
  • Cutting the throat of the animal
  • Priest gets to keep the hide
  • Internal organs are roasted for the god’s consumption
  • Blood was splashed
  • Meat was given in a stew for all participants to feast on
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Why was music often present in animal sacrifices?

A
  • To cover up the nearby sounds of every day neighbourhood bustle, as well as the sacrificial animals screams
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Define Bothroi:

A
  • Bothrois were square or circular pits at Greek sanctuaries and temples in which votive offerings were stored
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What animals did the Greeks usually sacrifice?

A
  • Cattle
  • Sheep
  • Pigs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

True or False: Some Greek gods had aversions or preferences for what kind of animal was sacrificed for them.

A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the Roman notion of Votum?

A
  • A Roman Votum is a prayer in which Romans declare they will do something for a god ONLY if the god helps them with something specific first

(ex. if you restore my eyesight, THEN I will sacrifice an animal for you)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What was the main agenda of Zoroastrianism?

A
  • To rehabilitate creation through promoting the good and eliminating the bad
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What was a unique way of offering to the gods in Zoroastrianism?

A
  • Burning sandalwood in a fire (the purified fire)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What does the purified fire represent in Zoroastrianism?

A
  • The Cosmic order disrupted by the forces of evil
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

True or False: Zoroastrians used mantras as offerings to the gods at yasna ceremonies.

A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What were the 2 types of communication with a god?

A
  • Praxis (the action of performing a ritual)
  • Logos (Speaking that accompanies the action of the ritual)
21
Q

What is Heka?

A
  • The Egyptian notion of the power that maintains the world and humankind
22
Q

True or False: Curses were frequently used in Ancient Egypt.

A

FALSE

They were rarely used

23
Q

What are the Asipu?

A

-Mesopotamian exorcist priests who would visit the homes of the terminally ill to determine if they were close to death or not

24
Q

What is a Suilla?

A
  • A type of prayer in Mesopotamia
25
Q

What are the 3 steps of a Mesopotamian Suilla prayer?

A
  1. Address the god by its full name
  2. Lament your struggles
  3. Promise to pay the deity back if they help you
26
Q

What are incantations?

A
  • Prayers to ward away evil
27
Q

Contrary to most other civilization’s curse practices, Egyptian curses were ___________

A

secular

28
Q

There are over _____ Ancient Israelite prayers attested to in the Bible.

A

100

29
Q

Zoroastrians typically prayed up to ___ times a day.

A

5

30
Q

What are Bullae?

A
  • A little magical necklace worn by boys to protect them from evil spirits until they reach citizen age

-An Etruscan tradition, later adopted by the Romans

31
Q

Who were famous for using lead curse tablets?

A
  • The Etruscans
32
Q

What is the difference between a hymn and a prayer?

A
  • A hymn has music accompanying it
  • A prayer does not
33
Q

The Christian Lord’s Prayer originated in the ___ century __.

A

1st Century AD

34
Q

True or False: It was illegal to curse in the Roman Empire.

A

TRUE

  • Punishment was death
  • The magicians themselves would be burnt alive
35
Q

Where are curse tablets most often found?

A

In Tombs

(to protect the tomb)

36
Q

What was the Kispu?

A
  • Mesopotamian funerary cults in which one would give a frequent offering of bread and water to a deceased loved one’s shrine
37
Q

What happened if one did NOT give food and water to a deceased loved one’s shrine in Mesopotamia?

A
  • The deceased loved one would become a vengeful ghost
38
Q

Why did ancestor cults typically only honour recent ancestors?

A
  • Because most people only knew their ancestors, max 3 generations back
  • Only Aristocrats knew their heritage long back because this is often what made them aristocrats in the first place (ex. trace back to a god or legendary figure)
39
Q

What are Teraphims?

A
  • Little clay praying figures in ancient Israel
40
Q

Explain the Zeus-Ktesios ritual:

A
  • A jar was filled with Ambrosia (grain, olive oil and water), decorated with wool garlands
41
Q

What was seen as the food of the gods in Ancient Greece?

A

Ambrosia (water, grain, olive oil)

42
Q

What was Zeus of the property known as?

A

Zeus-Ktesios

43
Q

What was the name of the girls’ festival held annually at the Sanctuary of Artemis at Brauron?

A

Arkteia

44
Q

What is the legendary meaning behind the site of the Brauron sanctuary?

A
  • Where Aggamemnon’s daughter, Iphigenea left the statue of Artemis while fleeing the Taurians
45
Q

What is the Roman word for gods of the household?

A

Penates

46
Q

What is the difference between a Roman Lares and a Penates?

A
  • Lares are GUARDIANS of the household
  • Penates are just gods of the household
47
Q

What are Imagos/Imagines?

A

Family ancestral death masks and facial portraits around the house in ancient Rome

48
Q

What was the name of the Roman festival to please ancestral gods?

A

Parentalia (aka Feralia)

49
Q

Who in Rome often had Imagines in their living rooms?

A

The Elite

(Why? Only the elite knew who their ancestors were)

Ancient Religions (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions