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Ancient Religions > Definitions > Flashcards

Definitions Flashcards

1
Q

Hybridity

A

The assimilation of cultural/practices of one minor civilization that has been absorbed into a major, often conquering civilization.

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1
Q

Syncretism

A

The amalgamation or attempted amalgamation of different religions, cultures, or schools of thought

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2
Q

Ba

A

The Egyptian concept of the inner-soul

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3
Q

Hermeticism

A

Heresy believing that God is not a being, but a life force (comparable to the force in starwars)

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3
Q

Henotheism

A
  • Believing in an individual god in a primordial manner, however, accepting and recognizing other deities existence and power at the same time
  • You see one deity as being your preferred choice for support and help, but still acknowledge head gods as supreme
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4
Q

Evolutionary Monotheism

A

Monotheism, evolving directly from a polytheistic society

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5
Q

Revolutionary Monotheism

A

Monotheism NOT evolving gradually from a polytheistic base, but rather, through a single instance of imposition, often by a specific ruler

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6
Q

Phyles

A

Egyptian priesthood groups

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7
Q

Thesmophoria

A

All women’s festival in Athens

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8
Q

Collegia

A

Roman fraternal clubs, both religious and lay

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9
Q

Asherah

A

The Near Eastern Goddess that was the only female goddess worshipped by the early Hebrews

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10
Q

Scapegoating

A
  • Ancient Israelite practice for community purification by sacrificing a goat to compensate for the sins of the entire community
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11
Q

YHWH

A
  • The Hebrew name of the god of the ancient Israelites
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12
Q

Bothroi

A
  • Greek votive offering storage pits
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13
Q

Votum

A
  • A typical format of a Roman vow, in which, in a purely transactional manner, one pledges favours to the god ONLY if their wishes are met.
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14
Q

Logos

A
  • Spoken word accompanying a ritual
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15
Q

Praxis

A
  • The physical act of performing a ritual
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16
Q

Heka

A
  • The Ancient Egyptian concept of a magical power that maintains the world and mankind
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17
Q

Asipu

A
  • Mesopotamian exorcist priests who visited terminally ill patients to determine how close they were to death
18
Q

Suilla

A
  • Standard type of Mesopotamian prayer
  1. Address god by full name
  2. Lament struggles
  3. Vow to repay the favour
19
Q

Incantations

A
  • A prayer or spell that protects one against evil spirits and harm
20
Q

Yasna

A
  • The main Zoroastrian principle of the act of worship
  • Also the name for the Zoroastrian religious text
21
Q

Gatha

A
  • A set of hymns written by Zoroaster
  • They form the basis of the Yasna
22
Q

Bullae

A
  • Magically and spiritually protective necklaces worn by Etruscan and Roman boys before citizen age
23
Q

Filio-Piety

A
  • The ancestral-religious notion of owing it to your ancestors to be pious and responsible
24
Q

Teraphims

A
  • Little Israelite praying figures
  • Possibly depicting household gods
25
Q

Zeus-Ktesios

A
  • Zeus of the household
26
Q

Ambrosia

A
  • The food of the gods in Ancient Greece
  • Water, Olive oil, Grain
27
Q

Arktea

A
  • The young girls festival at the Brauron temle of Artemis in Athens
28
Q

Penates

A

Roman household god

29
Q

Lares

A

Roman household guardian

30
Q

Imagos/Imagines

A
  • Ancestral death masks and facial portrait shrines around the house in Ancient Rome
31
Q

Parentalia

A
  • Roman festival dedicated to placate the ghosts of one’s ancestors
32
Q

Katakysmatha

A

The showering sprinkles of nuts, fruits, and coins over the groom’s heart after marriage in Ancient Greece

33
Q

Epispasm

A
  • The reversal procedure of circumcision
34
Q

Ephebe

A
  • Mandatory military service in Athens (Men age 18-20)
35
Q

Liberalia

A
  • Festival celebrating the god Liber (Dionysos)
  • Also celebrated male coming of age ceremonies
  • Boys are given a “Gown of Liberty”
36
Q

Aetiological

A
  • Explaining something (ex. natural phenomenon or state institution, etc.) through a mythical story
  • Example: The Athenians used trial by Jury because that’s how Orestes god Justice in the myth
37
Q

The Great Ennead

A

The formal name of the Egyptian Pantheon

38
Q

Book of the Temple

A

Our main source on Egyptian religion

  • Contains info on religious architecture, priests, and their bodily/spiritual expectations for the job
39
Q

Arianism

A
  • Believed that Jesus is NOT a truly divine being (aka doesn’t believe in the holy trinity)
40
Q

Hereisis

A
  • A choice (in Greek)
  • Etymological root of the word Heresy
41
Q

Apologetics

A
  • Explanation and defensive rhetoric of early Christianity to Romans
42
Q

Siskur

A

Hittite emergency ceremonies

43
Q

Enzi

A

Regularly occurring Hittite ceremonies

44
Q

Ashara

A

YHWHs female goddess consort (goddess of fertility)

Ancient Religions (8 decks)

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