Week 4 Flashcards
Entirely unconscious, its existence and power can however be inferred from derivatives, such as thoughts acts and emotions
The Id
Unconscious aspects
Include defensive processes like repressions, displacements, sublimation & rationalization
Observing ego
The part of the patients self that is conscious and rational and can comment on emotional experience, allies with therapist to see total self
The superego is similar to the ego
From which it arises partly conscious and partly unconscious
Anxious reactions are caused by
Defenses
Defenses were reconceptualized
As existing not only to protect a person from anxiety about id, ego and superego dangers but also to sustain a consistent, positively valued sense of self
How were neurotic people viewed with psychological infrastructure?
Viewed as suffering because their ego defenses were too automatic and inflexible, cutting them off from Id energies that could be put to creative use
How were psychotic people viewed with psychological infrastructure?
Suffered because their ego defenses were too weak, leaving them helplessly overwhelmed by primitive material from the id
Therapy with a neurotic person
Should involve weakening the defenses and getting access to the id so that it energies may be released for more constructive activity
Therapy with a psychotic person
Should aim at strengthening defenses, covering over primitive preoccupations, influencing realistically stressful circumstances so that they are less upsetting
If someone has neurosis (neurotic)
strong transference and counter transference reactions might appear
If a character neurosis is present
Then the therapeutic task would be more complicated, demanding and time consuming and the prognosis more guarded
A lot of the time Freud called neurotic were actually
Considered “borderline” or even psychotic features
Neurotic range show
Early in therapy a capacity for the therapeutic split between observing and the experiencing parts of the self
Defense mechanisms
they protect one against a nameless dread, even the frightening distortions that the defenses themselves may create are a lesser evil than the state of terror
People whose personalities are organized at an essentially psychotic level
Have grave difficulties with identity, so much so that they may not be fully sure that they exist
Psychotic personalities are usually confused
About reality & may be estranged from it
Who lacks reflective functioning?
People with psychotic tendencies
Primary conflict in people with a potential for psychosis is literally existentialist
Life versus death, existence versus obliteration, safety versus terror, their dreams are full of death and destruction
Borderline patients can be hard to distinguish from
Psychotic patients because they use primitive defenses and both suffer a basic defect in the sense of self
Difference between borderline and psychotic
Borderline is more inclined to speak about certain things whereas psychotics may get agitated
How to make a differential diagnosis between borderline and psychotic levels of organization?
Investigate the persons appreciation of conventional notions of reality by picking out some unusual feature of his or her self presentation
Transferences in borderline clients tend to be
Strong, um ambivalent and resistant to ordinary kinds of intervention
Countertransference reactions with borderline clients
Tend to be strong and upsetting
CBT
How well the person learns from consequences including rewards, punishments and an absence of stimuli
Four broad psychoanalytic theories
Ego psychology, objects relations theory, self psychology and attachment theory
Ego psychology (unconscious and conscious)
Hysterical symptoms were seen as the result of repressed memories or events or ideas, hypothesized that psychotherapeutic intervention could lift repression, decision maker
The id is only interested in discharging
Tension, it is controlled by the ego and super ego
When the id, the ego and the super ego are battling
It causes anxiety, which alerts the ego that a defense mechanism is required
