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MSK TEST 1 > Week 4 > Flashcards

Week 4 Flashcards

1
Q

SCALP

A

Skin, dense CT, Aponeorosis, Loose CT, Pericranium

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2
Q

Epicranial aponeurosis

A

the big strip of white tissue that connects the bellies of the occipitofrontalis muscle

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3
Q

how many bellies does the occipitofrontalis muscle have?

A

2

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4
Q

what is the origin of the occipitofrontalis muscle?

A

galea aponeurotica layer of skull

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5
Q

what is the insertion of the occipitofrontalis muscle

A

frontalis: skin over the eyebrows
occipitalis: superior nuchal line

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6
Q

what are the actions of the occipitofrontalis muscle

A

frontalis: raises eyebrows
occipitalis: anchors and retracts the galea posteriorly

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7
Q

what is the innervation of the occipitofrontalis muscle?

A

CNVII (facial nerve)

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8
Q

Orbicularis Oculi

A

a sphincter muscle arranged in concentric bands around the upper and lower eyelids
main function: close the eyelids when muscle contracts

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9
Q

Levator palpebrae superiororis

A

triangular-shaped muscle located in each upper eyelid
main function: elevate and retract the upper eyelid

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10
Q

what innervates levator palpebrae superioris

A

CN III (oculomotor nerve)

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11
Q

functions of muscles of the ears

A

in animals helps to direct the ears towards the sources of sounds

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12
Q

what are the elevators, retractors and evertors of the upper lip

A
  • levator labii superioris
  • zygomaticus major and minor
  • risoris
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13
Q

Orbicularis oris

A

the sphincter around the mouth, closes and protrudes lips (kissing)

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14
Q

Buccinator

A

in the cheek
- presses cheeks against teeth and lips
- resists distension of the mouth

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15
Q

what are the muscles of mastication (chewing)

A
  • temporalis
  • masseter
  • medial pterygoid
  • lateral pterygoid
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16
Q

Temporalis

A

O: temporal fossa and fascia
I: coronoid process and anterior border of ramus of mandible
Innervation: Mandibular nerve (V3)
Function: elevation and retraction of mandible

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17
Q

masseter

A

O: zygomatic arch
I: lateral surface of ramus of mandible
innervation: mandibular nerve (V3)
function: elevation and protraction of mandible

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18
Q

medial pterygoid

A

O: mainly pterygoid process of sphenoid bone
I: medial surface of angle of mandible
Innervation: Mandibular nerve (V3)
function: elevation, protrusion, and contralateral deviation of mandible

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19
Q

lateral pterygoid

A

O: mainly pterygoid process of sphenoid bone
I: articular disc and to the neck of the mandible
Innervation: mandibular nerve (V3)
Function: protrusion and contralateral deviation of mandible

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20
Q

Another name for neurocranium?

A

brain box

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21
Q

another name for viscerocranium?

A

facial skeleton

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22
Q

what are the paired neurocranium bones?

A

parietal and temporal bones

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23
Q

what are the unpaired neurocranium bones?

A

frontal, occipital, sphenoid, ethomoid bones

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24
Q

what are the paired viscerocranium bones

A

lacrimal, nasal, zygomatic, maxilla, inferior nasal concha, palatine bones

25
Q

what are the unpaired viscerocranium bones?

A

mandible and vomer

26
Q

what bone is at the back of the head?

A

occipital bone

27
Q

what suture divides the two parietal bones at the top of the skull?

A

sagittal suture

28
Q

what suture divides the parietal bones to the occipital?

A

lambdoid suture

29
Q

what suture divide the frontal bone and the parietal?

A

coronal suture

30
Q

what is the point at which the coronal suture and sagittal suture meet?

A

bregma

31
Q

what is on the roof of the mouth?

A

incisive fossa

32
Q

what are the 3 different regions of the bones of cranial base?

A

anterior, middle, and posterior cranial fossa

33
Q

what are the anterior cranial fossa?

A

ethmoid bone, including crista galli and cribriform plate

34
Q

what are the middle cranial fossa?

A

the sphenoid bone, including sella turcica, hypophyseal fossa, dorsum sellae
the temporal bone including the groove for superior petrosal sinus

35
Q

what are the posterior cranial fossa?

A

temporal bone with the groove for sigmoid sinus and occipital bone with groove for transverse sinus

36
Q

what is CN1?

A

olfactory

37
Q

what is CN2?

A

optic

38
Q

what is CN3?

A

oculomotor

39
Q

what is CN4?

A

trochlear

40
Q

what is CN5?

A

trigeminal

41
Q

what is CN6?

A

Abducent

42
Q

what is CN8?

A

vestibulocochlear

43
Q

what is CN9?

A

glossopharyngeal

44
Q

what is CN10?

A

vagus

45
Q

what is CN11?

A

accessory

46
Q

what is CN7?

A

facial

47
Q

what is CN12?

A

hypoglossal

48
Q

how many pairs of spinal nerves?

A

31 pairs

49
Q

what are the 3 main venous systems

A
  1. intracranial: cerebral veins (sinuses)
  2. superficial veins
  3. deep veins
50
Q

what are the two main veins of the neck?

A

internal and external jugular veins

51
Q

what are the subclavian artery branches?

A

pre-scalene:
- vertebral artery
- internal thoracic artery
- thyrocervical trunk
post-scalene:
- dorsal scapular artery

52
Q

where does the common carotid artery divides/bifurcates?

A

C3 or C4

53
Q

what does the external carotid artery supply to?

A

face and neck

54
Q

what does the internal carotid artery supply to?

A

brain and eyes

55
Q

what happens when the TMJ is dislocated

A

the mandible dislocates anterior to the articular tubercle

56
Q

what are the 4 parts of the TMJ?

A
  • articular disc
  • articular tubercle
  • mandibular fossa
  • mandibular condyles
57
Q

articular capsule

A

loose covering around the circumference of the TMJ

58
Q

TMJ-Sphenomandibular ligament

A

supporting, extrinsic ligament, it extends from the spine of the sphenoid to the medial surface of the ramus of the mandible
- does not contribute significantly to the strength of the TMJ
-

59
Q

TMJ-Stylomandibular Ligament

A

supporting, extrinsic ligament, it extends from the styloid process of the temporal bone to the inferior and posterior borders of ramus of mandible

MSK TEST 1 (6 decks)

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