Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Rehab Eval > Week 4 > Flashcards

Week 4 Flashcards

1
Q

name 3 skin implications for people who are disabled

A
  • pressure sores
  • shearing
  • abrasion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

name 2 deformity implications for people who are disabled.

A
  • fixed

- flexible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

intact skin with a localized area of non-blanchable superficial reddening of the skin. presence of blanchable redness or changes in sensation, temperature, or firmness may precede visual changes

A

stage 1 - pressure ulcer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

partial-thickness skin loss or blister. the wound bed is viable, pink, or red, moist. these injuries commonly result from adverse microclimate and shear in the skin over the pelvis and shear in the heel.

A

stage 2 - pressure ulcer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

full thickness skin loss, in which adipose (fat) is visible in the ulcer and granulation tissue and rolled wound edges are often present. slough and/or eschar may be visible. undermining and tunneling may occur.

A

stage 3 - pressure ulcer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

full thickness skin and tissue loss with exposed or directly palpable fascia, muscle, tendon, ligament, cartilage or bone in the ulcer. slough and/or eschar may be visible. rolled edges, undermining and/or tunneling often occur.

A

stage 4 - pressure ulcer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

full thickness skin and tissue loss in which the extent of tissue damage within the ulcer cannot be confirmed bc it is obscured by slough or eschar. if removed, a stage 3 or 4 pressure injury will be revealed.

A

unstageable pressure injury

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

intact or non-intact skin with localized area of persistent non-blanchable deep red, maroon, purple discoloration or epidermal separation revealing a dark wound bed or blood filled blister. this injury results from intense and/or prolonged pressure and shear forces at the bone-muscle interface.

A

deep tissue pressure injury (DTI)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

name the 9 most common areas of pressure injury development in supine.

A
  • heel
  • toe
  • sacrum
  • coccyx
  • ischial tuberosity
  • occiput
  • scapula
  • spinous process of vertebrae
  • elbow
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

name the one location that is not common for pressure ulcer development in supine but is in a seated position.

A

greater trochanter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

name the 3 extrinsic factors that can lead to pressure injury development.

A
  • pressure
  • shear
  • microclimate
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

name some intrinsic factors that can lead to development of a pressure injury.

A
  • limited mobility
  • impaired sensation
  • age-related skin changes
  • postural deformities
  • poor nutrition and dehydration
  • obesity
  • smoking
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

factors stemming from within the body that make an individual more susceptible to a pressure injury

A

intrinsic factors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

factors that stem from the outside environment and/or seating surface

A

extrinsic factors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

a continuous force applied on or against an object by something that it is in contact with. in seating, equipment such as the seat and/or back support surface are in constant contact with the body creating peak pressures.

A

pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

constant pressure directly under or against the bony prominences that cause a pressure injury without a proper pressure redistribution through appropriate cushion and back support choices.

A

peak pressures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

initially, it affects only the superficial epidermal layer, causing a reddening of the skin. skin is still intact.

A

stage one - pressure ulcer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

eventually, the pressure moves into the dermis, breaking the skin open and causing an open wound. blisters may appear.

A

stage 2 - pressure ulcer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

continued pressure damages deeper into the hypodermis, now affecting all three layers of skin.

A

stage 3 - pressure ulcer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

injury depth reaches the tissue under the skin, potentially as low as the muscle and bone.

A

stage 4 - pressure ulcer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

a combination of downward pressure and friction and occurs while a patient is in movement in the wheelchair system.

A

shear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

____ forms from the inside and expands outward to the surface of the skin.

A

shear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

the climate of a very small or restricted area that differs from the climate of the surrounding area. usually occurs under the bony prominence where pressure is at its peak, creating excessive heat and/or moisture build-up at the seat and/or back support surface.

A

microclimate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

used to measure the status of pressure wounds over time; observe and measure pressure ulcers at regular intervals.

A

PUSH Tool 3.0

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

used to assess and document a patient’s risk for developing pressure injuries.

A

braden scale

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

name the 3 categories assessed for pressure ulcers on the PUSH Tool 3.0.

A
  • surface area (length x width)
  • exudate
  • type of wound tissue
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

describe the optimal sitting position with regards to the pelvis (3 components).

A
  • no obliquity
  • no rotation
  • neutral or slight anterior tilt
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

describe the optimal sitting position with regards to the trunk (5 components).

A
  • no rotation
  • no lateral flexion
  • slight lumbar lordosis
  • slight thoracic kyphosis
  • slight cervical extension
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

describe the optimal sitting position with regards to the LEs (3 components).

A
  • slight abduction
  • neutral internal/external rotation at the hips
  • flexion at hips, knees and ankles to approx. 90 degrees
30
Q

describe the optimal sitting position with regards to the UEs (3 components).

A
  • elbows slightly forward or shoulders
  • forearms supported
  • hands toward midline
31
Q

describe the optimal sitting position with regards to the head (2 components).

A
  • midline

- eyes facing forward

32
Q

describe the 6 steps involved in the usual process for getting seating and wheeled mobility equipment.

A
  1. initiation into system
  2. get equipment or evaluation
  3. equipment trial/simulation
  4. prescription
  5. receipt of equipment
  6. follow through
33
Q

describe the 4 components of a w/c seating and position evaluation.

A
  • evaluate posture/function/etc. in current system
  • determine repair vs. replacement of parts
  • mat evaluation - supine, sitting
  • simulation and equipment trial
34
Q

what are we assessing when you make initial observations when you first see a person?

A

you make some judgments about what you think is going on.

35
Q

what are we assessing in the supine (mat) assessment for positioning?

A

the actual potential to achieve optimal seated position

36
Q

what are we assessing during the seated (mat) assessment for positioning?

A

you see what happens when we add gravity and how much assistance is required to attain/maintain that person’s optimal seated position.

37
Q

name the 5 body parts to assess during the supine (mat) eval.

A
  • pelvis
  • trunk
  • LEs
  • UEs
  • head/neck
38
Q

discoloration of the skin that does not turn white when pressed

A

nonblanchable erythema

39
Q

where do pressure ulcers typically develop in general?

A

bony prominences

40
Q

describe the formation of a pressure ulcer.

A

develop when there is pressure between 2 surfaces, blood doesn’t get to the tissues, tissues necrotizes and dies

41
Q

describe a pressure ulcer developing from the inside out.

A

squishing bony prominence on another surface, all of the tissues are damaged but we don’t see it until it reaches the skin

42
Q

describe a pressure ulcer forming from the outside in.

A

skin pushes in towards the internal prominence

43
Q

name the 3 different things that can contribute to pressure ulcer formation.

A
  • pressure
  • abrasion
  • sheering
44
Q

two forces pressing against each other, cuts out blood circulation leads to necrosis, can occur when sitting on a sliding board

A

pressure

45
Q

dragging of skin as one slides, damage to outside of the skin

A

abrasion

46
Q

describe how to prevent abrasion.

A

want pt. to unweight themselves and then slide on sliding board or move in bed

47
Q

tearing the fibers on the inside, takes place under the skin btwn the skin and bony prominences, no weight shifting or unweighting occurs
-butt skin stays in one place, butt bone moves - skin and bone aren’t aligned anymore

A

sheering

48
Q

the ___ the pressure, the more the person tolerate sitting.

A

lower

49
Q

the ____ the pressure, the less the person can tolerate sitting

A

higher

50
Q

describe how high muscle tone affects pressure ulcers.

A

takes longer for force to push through

51
Q

name 5 factors influencing the development of pressure ulcers

A
  • quality of skin
  • amount of cushion and shape of cushion
  • smokers
  • diabetes
  • nutrition
52
Q

if the area is ___ is it more likely to break down.

A

moist

53
Q

t/f - you should address pressure ulcers with every client.

A

true

54
Q

one that can be corrected

A

flexible deformity

55
Q

one that cannot be corrected, person is stuck for a long period of time, must be accommodated by seating

A

fixed deformity

56
Q

describe optimal positioning for the knees.

A

put the pelvis in the best position first and then see where everything else can be - may have to give a little bit with knee flexion due to active and passive insufficiency but still want to try to get more length in the knees through ROM, massage, serial casting, etc.

57
Q

one side of pelvis is higher than the other

A

pelvic obliquity

58
Q

one side of pelvis is more forward than the other

A

rotation of pelvis

59
Q

if the PSIS is lower than the ASIS, which type of pelvic tilt is in?

A

posterior pelvic tilt

60
Q

if the ASIS is lower than the PSIS, which type of pelvic tilt is it?

A

anterior pelvic tilt

61
Q

describe optimal positioning for LEs.

A

want legs parallel or slightly abducted at the hip.

62
Q

describe optimal positioning for UEs.

A

we want everything to be neutral, don’t want elevation

63
Q

describe optimal positioning of the head.

A
  • midline - don’t want rotation or lateral flexion

- priority is head facing forward

64
Q

describe how to document lateral flexion.

A

write which side is convex and which side is concave

65
Q

both legs angled to the same side; usually occurs from spending too much time in side lying or in supine with knees bent

A

windswept position

66
Q

how is seat width of a w/c measured?

A

measure the widest point - wherever that is on a person

67
Q

where is the typical widest point on a woman?

A

usually a couple inches in front of greater trochanter in thigh

68
Q

where is the typical widest point on a man?

A

usually at greater trochanter

69
Q

t/f - we want a little bit of wiggle room when a person is seated in a w/c.

A

true - in case they’re wearing a coat (for ex.) but we don’t want too much wiggle room

70
Q

describe how to measure for seat depth in a w/c.

A

measure behind the knee to the part of the butt that sticks out the furthest - but we want to give space for popliteal fossa - we don’t want w/c to push into that space

Rehab Eval (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions